Multipass FSP on AA6063-T6 Al: Strategy to fabricate surface composites

Gangil, Namrata; Maheshwari, Sachin; Siddiquee, Arshad Noor

doi:10.1080/10426914.2017.1415448

Cited by 66 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Khorrami et al [17] studied the mechanical properties of an aluminum matrix composite produced via FSP using Fe particles and found that the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the composites was 43% higher than that of the base metal (28 HV). The research on the preparation of the surface hardening layer via FSP can be divided into two types: refining the microstructure using the FSP process [6], and preparing a surface hardening layer of the composites by filling the grooves or holes with powder [8][9][10][11][12]. To further improve the wear resistance and overall performance of aluminum and its alloys, a new method for designing the surface hardening layer is required.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nanoscale SiCN particles were used to produce copper matrix composites and the microhardness of the composites increased to 260 HV [7], but the particles more easily agglomerated. Other researchers [8][9][10] fabricated particulate-reinforced surface composites on Al alloy substrate by adding second phase particles during FSP. FSP has been applied successfully to produce Al-Al 2 Cu [11], Al-Al 3 Ni [2], Al-Al 13 Fe 4 [12], Al-Al 3 Ti [13] particulate-reinforced surface composites, and Al-SiC functionally graded materials [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Double Reinforcement of Al–Fe Intermetallic Composites Fabricated by Friction Stir Processing

Huang

Xia

et al. 2019

Metals

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A double reinforced layer on an aluminum alloy surface was produced using friction stir processing (FSP) by adding 34CrNiMo6 powder into Al (AA2024) substrate for better wear resistance and gradient transitions. The microstructures of the composites were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The phase composition was examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the double reinforced layer of the Al13Fe4 intermetallic compound could be successfully fabricated via FSP. The volume fraction of Al13Fe4 in the double reinforced layer was higher than in the single reinforced layer due to adding 34CrNiMo6 powder and reinforced twice, and the Al13Fe4 particles were dispersed more homogeneously in the double reinforced layer. The interfaces between the double and single reinforced layer had a good metallurgical bond. The microhardness of the double reinforcement layer was significantly increased. Compared with the AA2024 substrate, the microhardness of the double and single reinforced layers increased five- (576 HV) and two-fold (254 HV), respectively.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double Reinforcement of Al–Fe Intermetallic Composites Fabricated by Friction Stir Processing

Huang

Xia

et al. 2019

Metals

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“…A number of contributions were tested for producing the metal matrix composites (MMC) via FSP [12][13][14]. In their works, attempts were made by the researchers for fabricating layers on the composite surface of parent metal in which no weldment of parent material took place via friction stir processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their results reveal that Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles significantly improved the wear properties when increasing the number of reinforced nanoparticles in the nugget zone. Defect-free and uniform dispersion of reinforcement particles in single FSW pass is a demanding issue which leads to an asymmetric flow of material [12]. For achieving the uniform dispersion of Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles in the aluminum metal, various methods, such as increment in passes and reversing the direction of tool rotation during alternate pass has been tried without much success.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of AA6061-T6/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Reinforced Nanocomposite Using Friction Stir Welding

Singh¹

2019

AJMSP

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In the present work, attempts were made to join AA6061-T6 sheets by Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process. Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles were added into the aluminum matrix for refining the microstructure of the nugget zone (NZ) and to restrict the growth of granularly in the heat-affected zone (HAZ). In order to illustrate the influence of Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles on mechanical properties, namely ultimate tensile strength, micro-hardness distribution, and wear resistance of the welded joints, FSW was conducted with and without nanoparticles at a constant rotating velocity of 2000 rpm and transverse velocity of 70 mm/min. For characterization of microstructures, optical and scanning electron microscopes were employed. The findings revealed that Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles addition along the joint line resulted in remarkable refining of grains structure in the weld nugget zone. This was due to the pinning effect produced by nano-sized Al 2 O 3 particles which prevent the grain growth followed by recrystallization during FSW, leading to a remarkable reduction in grain size. Also, the sample with nanoparticles joined at rotating and transverse velocities of 2000 rpm and 70 mm/min showed higher tensile properties than the sample without nanoparticles. However, the employment of single FSW pass resulted in an unusual Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles distribution and void initiation at the interface between Al-matrix and Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles in the heat-affected zone resulted in the early fracture of welded joints during tensile loading. Moreover, Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles addition results in the reduction of frictional coefficient and increment in wear resistance due to fine small grains size and large distribution of hardness in NZ of friction stir welded specimens.

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“…Material movement, in the case of SC fabrication, is quite different because of heterogeneous makeup of the material being stirred. To obtain better particle distribution, researchers have used multi-pass FSP as a general strategy [9,[17][18][19]. However, multiple passes raise the heat input of processed zone (PZ) which adds to over-aging woes, aiding solutionizing and coagulation of precipitates, which may drastically reduce the strength of age-hardened matrix based SCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Another Approach to Characterize Particle Distribution during Surface Composite Fabrication Using Friction Stir Processing

Gangil

Maheshwari

Nasr

et al. 2018

Metals

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Surface composite fabrication through Friction Stir Processing (FSP) is evolving as a useful clean process to enhance surface properties of substrate. Better particle distribution is key to the success of surface composite fabrication which is achieved through multiple passes. Multiple passes significantly increase net energy input and undermine the essence of this clean process. This study proposes a novel approach and indices to relate the particle distribution with the FSP parameters. It also proposes methodology for predicting responses and relate the response with the input parameter. Unit stirring as derived parameter consisting of tool rotation speed in revolutions per minute (rpm), traverse speed and shoulder diameter was proposed. The particle distribution was identified to be achieved in three stages and all three stages bear close relationship with unit stirring. Three discrete stages of particle distribution were identified: degree of spreading, mixing and dispersion. Surface composite on an aerospace grade aluminum alloy AA7050 was fabricated successfully using TiB2 as reinforcement particles. FSP was performed with varied shoulder diameter, rotational speed and traversing speed and constant tool tilt and plunge depth using single pass processing technique to understand the stages of distribution. Significant relationships between processing parameters and stages of particle distribution were identified and discussed.

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Multipass FSP on AA6063-T6 Al: Strategy to fabricate surface composites

Cited by 66 publications

References 19 publications

Double Reinforcement of Al–Fe Intermetallic Composites Fabricated by Friction Stir Processing

Double Reinforcement of Al–Fe Intermetallic Composites Fabricated by Friction Stir Processing

Fabrication of AA6061-T6/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Reinforced Nanocomposite Using Friction Stir Welding

Another Approach to Characterize Particle Distribution during Surface Composite Fabrication Using Friction Stir Processing

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Multipass FSP on AA6063-T6 Al: Strategy to fabricate surface composites

Cited by 66 publications

References 19 publications

Double Reinforcement of Al–Fe Intermetallic Composites Fabricated by Friction Stir Processing

Double Reinforcement of Al–Fe Intermetallic Composites Fabricated by Friction Stir Processing

Fabrication of AA6061-T6/Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; Reinforced Nanocomposite Using Friction Stir Welding

Another Approach to Characterize Particle Distribution during Surface Composite Fabrication Using Friction Stir Processing

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Fabrication of AA6061-T6/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Reinforced Nanocomposite Using Friction Stir Welding