Multiparametric Imaging of Blood Flow and Metabolism after Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Cats

Abstract

In anesthetized adult cats, acute stroke was produced by transorbital occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery. A battery of imaging techniques was used for simultaneous evaluation of regional blood flow, glucose utilization, protein synthesis, pH, and the regional tissue content of glucose, ATP, and potassium. The electrophysiological impact of stroke was monitored by EEG frequency analysis and recording of somatosensory evoked potentials. Two hours after vascular occlusion, a close correlation existed between the degree of electrophysiological changes and biochemical alterations, in particular with the extent of tissue acidosis, ATP depletion, decrease of tissue potassium content, and suppression of protein synthesis. However, there was only a poor correlation with blood flow and glucose utilization. Both of these exhibited a greatly inhomogeneous pattern with regions of reduced, normal, or increased rates. In areas remote from the infarct, the content of biochemical substrates was normal but blood flow was reduced globally by ∼50% and glucose utilization by ∼20%. An anatomically defined regional pattern of cerebral or cerebellar diaschisis was not observed. It is concluded that during the acute phase of stroke, imaging of blood flow and glucose utilization does not provide an accurate estimate of the actual functional or metabolic disturbance. For the clinical evaluation of the development or treatment of stroke, in consequence, alternative noninvasive techniques such as imaging of protein synthesis and/or pH may be more relevant.

Cortical Negative DC Deflections following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion and KCl-Induced Spreading Depression: Effect on Blood Flow, Tissue Oxygenation, and Electroencephalogram

“…This suggests that the low-energy yield of nonoxidative metabolism prolongs the time required to restore membrane polarization and thus enhances the ionic disturbances that occur during the passage of DC shifts. The previously reported heterogeneous dissociation between flow, metabo lism, and ion homeostasis in the periphery of the experimental infarcts of cats is also in line with this interpretation (Hossmann et al, 1985).…”

Photochemically Induced Cortical Infarction in the Rat. 2. Acute and Subacute Alterations in Local Glucose Utilization

“…This early ischemic zone was frequently bordered by a rim of apparently enhanced glucose utilization, sug gesting the occurrence of anaerobic glycolysis. Re cently, Hossmann et al (1985) reported a hetero geneous pattern of glucose utilization within the re gion of the developing infarct 2 h following MCA occlusion. In one study, a mild suppression of cor tical glucose utilization was documented within the contralateral nonischemic hemisphere 90 min fol lowing MCA occlusion (Ginsberg et aI., 1977), while another study has reported a 20% decrease in glucose utilization throughout the brain 2 h after MCA occlusion (Hossmann et aI., 1985).…”

The Transfer Coefficients for L-Valine and the Rate of Incorporation of L-[1-14C] Valine into Proteins in Normal Adult Rat Brain

“…The measurement of brain functional biochem istry has been given new impetus by the develop ment of a wide range of autoradiographic methods for assessing the physiological variables under normal conditions (Sokoloff et aI., 1977;Sakurada et aI., 1978;Mies et aI., 1981;Forlow et aI., 1983;Ginsberg et aI., 1986;Lear et aI., 1982;Mies et aI., 1986) and pathological conditions (Sako et aI., 1984b, and1985;Kato et aI., 1985;Hossmann et aI., 1985).…”