Multiparametric dual-energy CT to differentiate stage T1 nasopharyngeal carcinoma from benign hyperplasia

Shen, Hesong; Yuan, Xiaoqian; Liu, Dai‐Hong; Tu, Chunrong; Wang, Xing; Liu, Renwei; Wang, Xiaoxia; Xiao, Lan; Fu, Kaiwen; Zhang, Jiuquan

doi:10.21037/qims-20-1269

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…Its relevance to the difference between NPC and BH is not as clear as that of shape features, but the negative coefficient consistently fitted by all folds might imply that BH has a higher LRHLE than NPC and therefore more homogeneous patches. Although early CNN studies have suggested that the performances of CNNs in discriminating between early NPC and BH in CT [32] and MRI [8,9] were higher than those reported for radiomics in this study, this ability of radiomics-that is, to identify specific features-provides a major advantage over CNNs in terms of understanding the results of machine learning studies.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

Radiomics for Discrimination between Early-Stage Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Benign Hyperplasia with Stable Feature Selection on MRI

Wong

Zhang

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Discriminating early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) from benign hyperplasia (BH) on MRI is a challenging but important task for the early detection of NPC in screening programs. Radiomics models have the potential to meet this challenge, but instability in the feature selection step may reduce their reliability. Therefore, in this study, we aim to discriminate between early-stage T1 NPC and BH on MRI using radiomics and propose a method to improve the stability of the feature selection step in the radiomics pipeline. A radiomics model was trained using data from 442 patients (221 early-stage T1 NPC and 221 with BH) scanned at 3T and tested on 213 patients (99 early-stage T1 NPC and 114 BH) scanned at 1.5T. To verify the improvement in feature selection stability, we compared our proposed ensemble technique, which uses a combination of bagging and boosting (BB-RENT), with the well-established elastic net. The proposed radiomics model achieved an area under the curve of 0.85 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.82–0.89) and 0.80 (95% CI: 0.74–0.86) in discriminating NPC and BH in the 3T training and 1.5T testing cohort, respectively, using 17 features selected from a pool of 422 features by the proposed feature selection technique. BB-RENT showed a better feature selection stability compared to the elastic net (Jaccard index = 0.39 ± 0.14 and 0.24 ± 0.06, respectively; p < 0.001).

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

Radiomics for Discrimination between Early-Stage Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Benign Hyperplasia with Stable Feature Selection on MRI

Wong

Zhang

et al. 2022

Cancers

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“…Our findings are in accordance with the studies by Mileto et al and Chijie Xu et al and emphasize the value of DECT in abdominal oncologic imaging. Further studies have shown similar results for DECT Rho/Z measurements for other body regions, such as head and neck imaging, when differentiating benign from malignant thyroid nodules and T1 stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma from benign hyperplasia [33,34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Advancing Differentiation of Hepatic Metastases in Malignant Melanoma through Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Rho/Z Maps

Yel,

Koch,

Gruenewald

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

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Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT)-based Rho/Z maps in differentiating between metastases and benign liver lesions in patients diagnosed with malignant melanoma compared to conventional CT value measurements. Methods: This retrospective study included 73 patients (mean age, 70 ± 13 years; 43 m/30 w) suffering from malignant melanoma who had undergone third-generation DECT as part of tumor staging between December 2017 and December 2021. For this study, we measured Rho (electron density) and Z (effective atomic number) values as well as Hounsfield units (HUs) in hypodense liver lesions. Values were compared, and diagnostic accuracy for differentiation was computed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. Additional performed MRI or biopsies served as a standard of reference. Results: A total of 136 lesions (51 metastases, 71 cysts, and 14 hemangiomas) in contrast-enhanced DECT images were evaluated. The most notable discrepancy (p < 0.001) between measured values and the highest diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing melanoma metastases from benign cysts was observed for the Z (0.992; 95% CI, 0.956–1) parameters, followed by Rho (0.908; 95% CI, 0.842–0.953) and finally HU120kV (0.829; 95% CI, 0.751–0.891). Conversely, when discriminating between liver metastases and hemangiomas, the HU120kV parameters showed the most significant difference (p < 0.001) and yielded the highest values for diagnostic accuracy (0.859; 95% CI, 0.740–0.937), followed by the Z parameters (0.790; 95% CI, 0.681–0.876) and finally the Rho values (0.621; 95% CI, 0.501–0.730). Conclusions: Rho and Z measurements derived from DECT allow for improved differentiation of liver metastases and benign liver cysts in patients with malignant melanoma compared to conventional CT value measurements. In contrast, in differentiation between liver hemangiomas and metastases, Rho/Z maps show inferior diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, differentiation between these two lesions remains a challenge for CT imaging.

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“…Additionally, dual-energy CT is a promising tool for the evaluation of non-traumatic acute abdomen, with its ability to characterize materials ( 17 ). Two types of reconstruction images acquired by DECT have been widely used: virtual monoenergetic images are helpful to differential diagnosis of tumors ( 18 , 19 ), and material decomposition images can quantity bone mineral density, liver iron content, and liver fat content ( 20 , 21 ). Dual-energy CT may help to characterize and distinguish different types of subphrenic foreign bodies, such as illegal intra-corporeal packets of cocaine and non-ferromagnetic projectiles ( 22 , 23 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of CT in detecting and monitoring subphrenic jujube pits: a retrospective cross-sectional study of clinical cases and ex vivo experiments

Hao¹,

Wang²,

Hu³

et al. 2022

Quant Imaging Med Surg

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Background: Subphrenic jujube foreign body can cause perforation, abscess, peritonitis and other complications. Computed tomography (CT) is considered to be a sensitive tool for small or faintly opaque foreign body (e.g., jujube pits, toothpicks, fish bones, acrylics and plastics) detection. The present study aimed to investigate the clinical and imaging features of subphrenic jujube pits and explore the potential of CT for detecting and monitoring subphrenic jujube pits.Methods: Patients with subphrenic jujube pits who were treated at our institution were retrospectively reviewed along with published studies. A total of 10 types of commercially available jujube pits were analyzed with CT, then another 40 jujube pits (≥2.5 cm) were randomly selected and soaked in a series of solutions to mimic the gastrointestinal tract processes, following which CT was performed at serial time points with conventional and dual-energy protocols.Results: All jujube pits could be detected by CT, presenting spindle-shape high-density. The length of jujube pits based on clinical cases and that of the commercially available types were 1.38 to 3.50 cm and 1.35 to 3.95 cm, respectively. After analysis, the mean attenuation values derived from the clinical cases [77.67Hounsfield unit (HU), range: −89.92 to 153.13, SD 64.70] were higher than those of the 10 commercially available types of jujube pits in boiled (73.57 HU, range: 2.29 to 94.96, SD 20.48) and raw state (−274.28 HU, range: −400.12 to −168.12, SD 72.75); statistically significant differences were found in mean attenuation values between raw jujube pits and boiled jujube pits (P<0.05). After soaking, the radiodensity of raw jujube pits showed an upward trend over immersion time, and water (-hydroxyapatite) overlay images enhanced the visualization of jujube pit water content as the percentage of blue area increased over time.Conclusions: CT plays an important role in evaluating and tracing subphrenic jujube pits.

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Multiparametric dual-energy CT to differentiate stage T1 nasopharyngeal carcinoma from benign hyperplasia

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Radiomics for Discrimination between Early-Stage Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Benign Hyperplasia with Stable Feature Selection on MRI

Radiomics for Discrimination between Early-Stage Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Benign Hyperplasia with Stable Feature Selection on MRI

Advancing Differentiation of Hepatic Metastases in Malignant Melanoma through Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Rho/Z Maps

Utility of CT in detecting and monitoring subphrenic jujube pits: a retrospective cross-sectional study of clinical cases and ex vivo experiments

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