Multimode waveguide crossing based on a square Maxwell’s fisheye lens

Badri, S. Hadi; Saghai, H. Rasooli; Soofi, Hadi

doi:10.1364/ao.58.004647

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Note that the crosstalk and bandwidth of these switches can be further improved using, for example, subwavelength-grating based mode MUX/deMUX and MMIs [16]. As multimode waveguide crossing has large insertion loss and intermodal crosstalk [14], thus we utilize the 2 × 2 MZI to avoid conventional multimode waveguide crossing. After further optimization of the building blocks for higher-order modes (such as TE 2 , TE 3 , TE 4 , etc.…”

Section: Building Blocks and Design Topologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, we have reported a balanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) based 2 × 2 switch with a mode insensitive phase shifter for the first three quasitransverse electric (TE) modes [10]. Multimode waveguide crossing [14] and multimode waveguide bending [15] have also been recently invented, allowing us to develop large port count multimode switches with direct multimode switching capability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scalable Two-Mode 3-Port and 4-Port Mode Insensitive Silicon Photonic Switches

Das

Zhang

Mojaver

et al. 2021

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel design approach for scalable 3-port and 4-port mode insensitive multimode switching matrices for the first two quasi-transverse electric (TE) modes. The mode insensitive phase shifter ensures less power consumption for simultaneous multimode signal transmission in a mode division multiplexing (MDM) network. At 1550 nm, the 3-port switch exhibits approximately 2.6 dB and 3.3 dB insertion loss for the longest path with a crosstalk of at most 10 dB and 8 dB over a bandwidth of 40 nm (1530 nm to 1570 nm) for modes, respectively. The insertion loss measured for the 4-port switch is approximately 2.7 dB and 3.6 dB at 1550 nm with a corresponding crosstalk less than 8 dB for the two TE modes, respectively. The payload transmission is also performed using both 10 Gb/s non-return-to-zero (NRZ) and 14.0625 Gbaud 4-level pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM4) pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS)-31 data signal to analyze the performance of the switches. Clear open eyes are observed for both single-mode and simultaneous two-mode transmissions. The low insertion loss, low intermodal crosstalk over a large optical bandwidth, and the clear open eye validate the scalability of the proposed switches for larger port count and higher-order modes.

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Section: Building Blocks and Design Topologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable Two-Mode 3-Port and 4-Port Mode Insensitive Silicon Photonic Switches

Das

Zhang

Mojaver

et al. 2021

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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“…The ray-tracing calculations indicate that the truncation of the lens has a limited effect on the performance of the lens as long as the incident rays are within the left and right edges of the lens. GRIN lenses have been implemented by multilayer structures [37][38][39], varying the guiding layer's thickness [40][41][42], and GPC [43,44]. We implement the truncated lens with a GPC structure as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Flattened Luneburg Couplermentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling Si3N4 waveguide to SOI waveguide using transformation optics

Badri¹,

Gilarlue²

2020

Optics Communications

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Silicon nitride (Si3N4) planar waveguide platform combined with silicon-on-insulator (SOI) devices offer a whole new generation of system-on-chip applications. Therefore, efficient coupling of an Si3N4 waveguide to an SOI waveguide is essential. We present a coupler to interface a 1.8 µm-wide Si3N4 waveguide to a 0.5 µm-wide SOI waveguide based on the focusing property of the Luneburg lens. In order to match the refractive indices of the waveguides with the edges of the lens, one side of the lens is flattened with quasi-conformal transformation optics. The designed coupler is implemented by graded photonic crystals. The three-dimensional numerical simulations indicate that the 1.93 µm-long coupler has an average coupling loss of 0.13 dB in the C-band.

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“…A further area of interest is within waveguide applications [8,22]. Particularly interesting are the nanostructured waveguides which are expected to improve the performance of solar cells using a tunable absorption spectrum [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical and Numerical Studies of Oblique Wave Incidence on Impedance-Matched Graded Interfaces Between RHM and LHM Media

Svendsen¹,

Rana²,

Dalarsson³

2022

PIER M

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This paper presents analytical and numerical studies of electromagnetic wave propagation through an interface between a regular right-handed material (RHM) and a left-handed metamaterial (LHM). The interface is graded along the direction perpendicular to the boundary plane between the two materials, chosen to be the x-direction. The permittivity ε(ω, x) and permeability µ(ω, x) are chosen to vary according to hyperbolic tangent functions. We show that the field intensities for both TE-and TMcases satisfy the same differential equations, and we obtain remarkably simple exact analytical solutions to Helmholtz' equations for lossy media. The obtained exact analytical results for the field intensities along the graded RHM-LHM composite confirm all the expected properties of RHM-LHM structures. Finally, we perform a numerical study of the wave propagation over an impedance-matched graded RHM-LHM interface, using the software COMSOL Multiphysics, and obtain an excellent agreement between the numerical simulations and analytical results. The results obtained in the present paper are not limited to any particular application, and are generally useful for all cases of wave propagation over impedance-matched two-and three-dimensional interfaces between RHM and LHM media. The advantage of the present method is that it can model smooth realistic material transitions, while at the same time including the abrupt transition as a limiting case. Furthermore, unlike previously existing solutions, the interface width is included as a parameter in the analytical solutions in a very simple way. This enables the use of the interface width as an additional degree of freedom in the design of practical RHM-LHM interfaces.

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Multimode waveguide crossing based on a square Maxwell’s fisheye lens

Cited by 29 publications

References 24 publications

Scalable Two-Mode 3-Port and 4-Port Mode Insensitive Silicon Photonic Switches

Scalable Two-Mode 3-Port and 4-Port Mode Insensitive Silicon Photonic Switches

Coupling Si3N4 waveguide to SOI waveguide using transformation optics

Analytical and Numerical Studies of Oblique Wave Incidence on Impedance-Matched Graded Interfaces Between RHM and LHM Media

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