Multimode circuit optomechanics near the quantum limit

Massel, Francesco; Cho, Sung Un; Pirkkalainen, Juha-Matti; Hakonen, Pertti; Heikkilä, Tero T.; Sillanpää, Mika

doi:10.1038/ncomms1993

Cited by 233 publications

(261 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…For example state transfer as well as squeezing using double cavity OEMS has been studied [11]. Further cavities with many mechanical systems are enabling one to reach very near quantum limit [12].Lezama and coworkers [7] found that a simple three level lambda scheme cannot give rise to EIA. They considered optical transitions between the hyperfine states of atoms F → F ′ > F which showed the possibility of EIA.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Our EIA is quite versatile as it would occur in metamaterials [15,16], plasmonics [8,17] or in systems with several mechanical elements [12].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Phonon-mediated electromagnetically induced absorption in hybrid opto-electromechanical systems

Agarwal

2013

Phys. Rev. A

127

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We predict the existence of the electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) in the double cavity configurations of the hybrid opto-electro mechanical systems (OEMS). We discuss the origin of the EIA in OEMS which exhibit the existence of an absorption peak within the transparency window. We provide analytical results for the width and the height of the EIA peak. The combination of the EIT and EIA is especially useful for photon switching applications. The EIA that we discuss is different from the one originally discovered by Lezama et al in atomic systems and can be understood in terms of the dynamics of three coupled oscillators (rather than two) under different conditions on the relaxation parameters. The EIA we report can also be realized in metamaterials and plasmonic structures. The optomechanical systems have been recognized as good systems for the purpose of optical memories as the mechanical systems can have very long coherence times [1][2][3]. The realization that such systems can serve as memory elements became feasible by the prediction [4] of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and the experimental demonstration of EIT by several groups [5]. Much of this work was motivated by the corresponding work in atomic media [6]. While the EIT has been studied extensively in opto-electro mechanical systems (OEMS); a counter part of EIT namely the electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) has not yet been investigated in OEMS. It may be noted that EIT is the result of destructive interference between different pathways leading to suppression of absorption. Thus one would think that there should be the possibility of constructive interference between different pathways. Such a possibility was first realized by Lezama and coworkers [7] in the context of atomic vapors. More recently EIT and EIA were demonstrated in plasmonic structures [8] where the interactions and phases can be tailored by design of the structure thus enabling one to see either the EIT or the EIA behavior. As we discuss in this paper certain situations do warrant absorption or dispersion as was recognized by Harris and Yamamoto [9] and by Schmidt and Imamȏglu [10]. In this paper we show the existence of EIA in a double cavity OEMS thereby filling a gap that has existed in the physics of OEMS. Such double cavity configurations are beginning to be studied in a number of papers for different applications [11]. We show how we can switch quite conveniently from EIT to EIA and vice versa by changing the power of the electromagnetic fields. The EIA that we discuss is different as we do not convert the transparency window into an absorption peak but we create an absorption peak in the transparency window. We note that several recent papers discuss a variety of new effects in double cavity OEMS. For example state transfer as well as squeezing using double cavity OEMS has been studied [11]. Further cavities with many mechanical systems are enabling one to reach very near quantum limit [12].Lezama and coworkers [7] found that a simple three ...

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confidence: 99%

“…Our EIA is quite versatile as it would occur in metamaterials [15,16], plasmonics [8,17] or in systems with several mechanical elements [12].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phonon-mediated electromagnetically induced absorption in hybrid opto-electromechanical systems

Agarwal

2013

Phys. Rev. A

127

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“…1c). This cavity-mediated force has been shown to cause hybridization [22][23][24] and synchronization 25 of, and incoherent transfer of energy between 24 , mechanical modes. Cavity-mediated longrange interactions are also exhibited by the mechanical instability of an atomic gas within a transversely pumped optical cavity 26,27 .…”

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Cavity-mediated coupling of mechanical oscillators limited by quantum back-action

et al. 2015

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A complex quantum system can be constructed by coupling simple elements. For example, trapped-ion 1,2 or superconducting 3 quantum bits may be coupled by Coulomb interactions, mediated by the exchange of virtual photons. Alternatively, quantum objects can be made to emit and exchange real photons, providing either unidirectional coupling in cascaded geometries 4-6 , or bidirectional coupling that is particularly strong when both objects are placed within a common electromagnetic resonator 7 . However, in such an open system, the capacity of a coupling channel to convey quantum information or generate entanglement may be compromised by photon loss 8 . Here, we realize phase-coherent interactions between two addressable, spatially separated, near-groundstate mechanical oscillators within a driven optical cavity. We observe the quantum back-action noise imparted by the optical coupling resulting in correlated mechanical fluctuations of the two oscillators. Our results illustrate challenges and opportunities of coupling quantum objects with light for applications of quantum cavity optomechanics [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] .Cavity optomechanical systems comprised of a single mechanical oscillator interacting with a single electromagnetic cavity mode 15 serve useful quantum-mechanical functions, such as generating squeezed light [16][17][18] , detecting forces with quantum-limited sensitivity 19 or through back-action-evading measurement 20 , and both entangling and amplifying mechanical and optical modes 21 . Systems containing several mechanical elements offer additional capabilities. In the quantum regime, these systems may enable two-mode back-action-evading measurements 9 , creation of nonclassical states 10 , fundamental tests of quantum mechanics 8,11,12 , correlations at the quantum level with applications in highsensitivity measurements 13 , and quantum information science 14 . Realizing these proposed functions requires multiple-element cavity optomechanical systems in which quantum-mechanical optical force fluctuations dominate over thermal and technical ones.An important new feature in these multi-mechanical systems is photon-mediated forces between mechanical elements. Consider a driven cavity containing two mechanical elements with linear optomechanical coupling (Fig. 1a). Each element experiences radiation pressure proportional to the number of intracavity photons. The displacement of one element changes the cavity resonance frequency, causing a change in the intracavity photon number, and thereby modifying the force on the second element. In this manner, an effective optical spring is established between the mechanical elements (Fig. 1b). A quantized picture clarifies the role of cavity photons as the bidirectional force-mediating particle for this interaction: pump light is Stokes scattered off one element, generating a cavity photon that is absorbed through anti-Stokes scattering by the second element, and vice versa 7 (Fig. 1c). This cavity-mediated force has been shown to cause hybridization [22][23...

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“…We also display that the mechanical squeezing is the quantum resource used in optimal quantum estimation on the frequency. In future, it is an interesting subject to utilize coherence of the multi-mode cavity optomechanics [74,75] to enhance the accuracy of quantum parameter estimation. a continuous observable W conditioned on the fixed parameter ϕ.…”

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confidence: 99%

Optimal quantum parameter estimation in a pulsed quantum optomechanical system

Zheng

Yao

2016

Phys. Rev. A

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We propose that a pulsed quantum optomechanical system can be applied for the problem of quantum parameter estimation, which targets to yield higher precision of parameter estimation utilizing quantum resource than that using classical methods. Mainly concentrating on the quantum Fisher information with respect to the mechanical frequency, we find that the corresponding precision of parameter estimation on the mechanical frequency can be enhanced by applying applicable optical resonant pulsed driving on the cavity of the optomechanical system. Further investigation shows that the mechanical squeezing resulting from the optical pulsed driving is the quantum resource used in optimal quantum estimation on the frequency.

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Multimode circuit optomechanics near the quantum limit

Cited by 233 publications

References 38 publications

Phonon-mediated electromagnetically induced absorption in hybrid opto-electromechanical systems

Phonon-mediated electromagnetically induced absorption in hybrid opto-electromechanical systems

Cavity-mediated coupling of mechanical oscillators limited by quantum back-action

Optimal quantum parameter estimation in a pulsed quantum optomechanical system

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