A longitudinal clinical neurological and electrophysiological follow-up study was carried out on 31 HIV1 seropositive outpatients in the asymptomatic or LAS stages of the infection (CDC II-III). The results of clinical examination and multimodal evoked potentials (EP) recording showed a high percentage of abnormalities (42% and 39% of cases respectively); in a statistically significant number of subjects these abnormalities were predictive of subsequent immunological deterioration, thus demonstrating the close relationship between neurological and immunological functions in HIV1 infection.