Multimodal Raman spectroscopy and optical coherence tomography for biomedical analysis

Abstract

Optical techniques hold great potential to detect and monitor disease states as they are a fast, non‐invasive toolkit. Raman spectroscopy (RS) in particular is a powerful label‐free method capable of quantifying the biomolecular content of tissues. Still, spontaneous Raman scattering lacks information about tissue morphology due to its inability to rapidly assess a large field of view. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is an interferometric optical method capable of fast, depth‐resolved imaging of tissue morphology, but lacks detailed molecular contrast. In many cases, pairing label‐free techniques into multimodal systems allows for a more diverse field of applications. Integrating RS and OCT into a single instrument allows for both structural imaging and biochemical interrogation of tissues and therefore offers a more comprehensive means for clinical diagnosis. This review summarizes the efforts made to date toward combining spontaneous RS‐OCT instrumentation for biomedical analysis, including insights into primary design considerations and data interpretation.

Single-fiber probes for combined sensing and imaging in biological tissue: recent developments and prospects

“…The integration of other more advanced imaging or sensing techniques, beyond fluorescence-intensity-based sensing and OCT imaging used in current sensing + imaging fiber probes, could further improve the capability of simultaneous sensing and imaging deep within living organisms. Examples of other techniques are multimode fiber imaging [ 63 , 64 ], fluorescence lifetime based imaging [ 65 ], photoacoustic tomography/sensing [ 66 – 68 ], and Raman scattering based sensing [ 69 ], especially stimulated or surface enhanced Raman [ 70 ], which can provide highly specific information about biological tissues and materials. There has been a continued interest in multimodal imaging via a single fiber, which has been discussed in various previous review papers [ 71 , 72 ].…”

Unveiling brain disorders using liquid biopsy and Raman spectroscopy

“…Integration of RS with other imaging modalities, like optical coherence tomography (OCT) or fluorescence microscopy, can provide complementary information and enhance spatial resolution in clinical settings. [212][213][214] Combining RS with highresolution imaging techniques enables clinicians to obtain comprehensive molecular and structural information from biological samples, facilitating accurate disease diagnosis and monitoring.…”

Current Approaches to Diagnosis of Early Proximal Carious Lesion: A Literature Review

“…When a material is exposed to monochromatic light of varying wavelengths, specific photons within the light experience a frequency shift and scatter. This phenomenon is contingent upon the molecular bonds within the material in either the vibrational or rotational phase [ 87 ].…”