Multimodal imaging of dry age‐related macular degeneration

Abstract

ABSTRACT.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand clinical significance of near-infrared reflectance (NIR), blue fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and nearinfrared autofluorescence (NIA) in dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD), by correlation with fluorescein angiography (FA) and cross-sectional spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT). Methods: We evaluated 110 eyes (62 patients, mean age: 64 ± 8 years) diagnosed with dry AMD between January 2010 and December 2010, which underwent NIR (k = 830 nm), FAF and FA (excitation k = 488 nm; emission k > 500 nm), NIA (excitation k = 787 nm; emission k > 800 nm), and simultaneous SD OCT scanning using a combined confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope ⁄ SD OCT device (Spectralis HRA + OCT; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany). Results: Drusen showed variable increased ⁄ decreased NIR, FAF, NIA and FA, which corresponded to variable increased ⁄ decreased thickness of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and possible presence of subretinal deposits on SD OCT. Geographic atrophy (GA) was present in 43 ⁄ 110 eyes (39.0%) and showed increased NIR and fluorescence (FA), absent FAF and NIA, and loss of RPE on SD OCT. The hyperautofluorescence of the GA margin was never larger in FAF than that in NIA, while in 16.2% of cases, it was larger in NIA than that in FAF and corresponded to mild choroidal hyperreflectivity on SD OCT. Conclusions: Simultaneous recording of SD OCT scans provided ultrastructural data for the evaluation of NIR, FAF, NIA and FA in dry AMD. Near-infrared autofluorescence might detect earlier than FAF areas of RPE cell loss at the GA margin.

Integration of Subretinal Suspension Transplants of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells in a Large-Eyed Model of Geographic Atrophy

“…6,23,24 The RPE changes can be analyzed further by BAF, where the endstage areas of cell loss become hyporeflective and the surrounding border of viable cells become hyperreflective. 25,26 In the present study, we have shown that subretinal PBS or NaIO 3 induce many GA characteristic changes.…”

Detection of Zinn-Haller Arterial Ring in Highly Myopic Eyes by Simultaneous Indocyanine Green Angiography and Optical Coherence Tomography

“…An exact alignment of the SD-OCT scans with the topographic cSLO images allows the examiner to correlate the in situ pathologic features observed in the OCT images to those in the angiographic images. 21 The eye tracking system ensures the precise location of the lesions in both images. The placement of calipers at various points of the Spectralis SD-OCT image allows an analysis and correlation between the 2 imaging modalities, thus confirming the precise location of the lesions, as reported by Coscas and associates.…”

Optical imaging of the chorioretinal vasculature in the living human eye

“…The capability of pvOCT imaging of the microvasculature of the choriocapillaris and the anterior choroidal vasculature has the potential to become a unique tool to evaluate therapies and understand the underlying mechanisms of age-related macular degeneration progression. ocular circulation | ocular vasculature | optical angiography | ophthalmic imaging | Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography C urrent clinical evaluation of outer retinal disease progression is accomplished with multiple imaging modalities including fundus photography, fluorescein angiography (FA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), and near infrared autofluorescence (1,2). Whereas angiography techniques are ideal to observe retinal and choroidal circulation, the lack of depth selectivity limits the ability to observe microvasculature in the choriocapillaris (CC) and the anterior choroid.…”