Multimodal Hydrogel‐Based Respiratory Monitoring System for Diagnosing Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Abstract

Real‐time monitoring of respiration is vital for human health, especially for forecasting the sleep‐related diseases. A respiratory monitoring system with high accuracy, wearing comfort, portability, and environmental tolerance, is highly desirable, which however remains a big challenge. Here, a multimodal hydrogel sensor with excellent comprehensive performance is fabricated to monitor respiration and diagnose obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). The synthetic cellulose‐based hydrogel exhibits good mechanical properties and extreme temperature tolerance, ascribing to the synergistic effects between chemical cross‐linking and multiple hydrogen bonding within the hydrogel network. The fabricated hydrogel sensor can independently monitor the mechanical variation and the thermal change via output signals of capacitance and resistance, respectively. These extraordinary properties of the hydrogel sensor enable the highly reliable and accurate monitoring of the respiratory events and diagnosis of OSAS. This work provides the new and practical way for real‐time respiratory monitoring and preventing the occurrence of sleep‐related diseases.

An Integrally Formed Janus Hydrogel for Robust Wet‐Tissue Adhesive and Anti‐Postoperative Adhesion

“…In addition, it can provide robust fluid-tight sealing for a water-filled perforated stomach (diameter: 5 mm) under the condition of continuous water inputs (Figure 6b; Movie S3, Supporting Information). Particularly, this hydrogel also exhibits excellent conductivity of 0.19 S m −1 , which is comparable to reported conductive hydrogels (Figure S6a,b, Supporting Information), [52][53][54] because abundant ions such as quaternary ammonium salt, carboxyl, and sulfonate groups are present within this hydrogel structure. Considering the conductivity and robust adhesive performance of MAH-600, it was explored as a strain sensor for monitoring a beating heart in vivo.…”

Engineering Smart Composite Hydrogels for Wearable Disease Monitoring

“…Copyright 2021, Elsevier. d Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome [ 202 ]. Schematic illustration of cellulose based hydrogel sensor with multimodal sensing capability for monitoring respiration.…”

“…These smart composite hydrogel sensors, with good flexibility and stretchability, can fit well with the human body and are very suitable for building wearable respiratory monitoring systems. Liu et al [ 202 ] sandwiched a commercial elastomer (VHB 4905, 3 M) between two CH-GT hydrogel layers as a dielectric film to form a multimodal hydrogel sensor (Fig. 12 d).…”

Neuron‐Inspired Self‐Powered Hydrogels with Excellent Adhesion, Recyclability and Dual‐Mode Output for Multifunctional Ionic Skin

“…[6,7] In order to well fit the properties of human skin, hydrogels are required to be stretchable, water-rich and most importantly, ion-conductive. Nowadays, hydrogel ionic skins are commonly used in sensors for detecting temperature, [8] strain or stress [9] of human motion. For example, Li et al [2] reported an ionic mimic neuron system for the perception of different signals (pressure and humidity) with dual-modal output.…”