Multimetallic porphyrins/polyoxotungstate modified electrodes by layer-by-layer method: Electrochemical, spectroscopic and morphological characterization

Fabrication of carbon paste electrode containing a new inorganic–organic hybrid based on [SiW12O40]4− polyoxoanion and Nile blue and its electrocatalytic activity toward nitrite reduction

“…A number of strategies have been developed to prepare chemically modified electrodes (CMEs) with a variety of POMs. Several groups have immobilized POMs using various techniques, such as electrochemical deposition [5][6][7], adsorption [8][9][10], use of carbon nanotubes [11], doping in a polymer matrix [12][13][14], layer by layer molecular self-assembly process based on electrostatic attraction as the driving force [15,16] and entrapment in sol-gel matrix [17,18]. One of the drawbacks of the electrodes modified by these methods is that the electrode surfaces cannot be renewed in the event of leakage, contamination or passivation, therefore it is useful to explore a novel POM-based material, that retains the electrochemical and electrocatalytic activity of POM and can be used as bulk modifiers of carbon paste electrodes, the surface of which can be renewed with very good repeatability.…”

Nitrite reduction on a multimetallic porphyrin/polyoxotungstate layer-by-layer modified electrodes

“…The ITO electrode was cleaned with methanol for one hour, and subsequently rinsed with deionized water. Modification process was carried out by a previously reported method [43,49]…”

Electrostatic self-assembled multilayers of tetrachromatedmetalloporphyrins/polyoxometalateand its electrocatalytic properties in oxygen reduction

“…3.1.1. UV-Vis spectroscopy UV-Vis spectroscopy as a complementary technique was used to demonstrate the deposition of both porphyrin and polyoxometalate onto ITO electrodes via electrostatic assemblages [24,25,29,30,47,48]. Fig.…”

“…Because their high electronic density, they have high potentiality in multielectronic transfer and photophysical applications [14], which it motivates the design and development of functional materials and several devices based in this polymetallic anions [15,16]. Indeed, they can interact strongly with cationic porphyrins, creating new hybrids materials very useful in different micro and/or nanostructured composites [17][18][19][20][21] or in layer by layer hybrids [16,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] with application as sensors, electrocatalysts and optical devices [24,31].…”

“…Our group have employed N 4 -macrocyclics in several arrangements as conducting polymer [32][33][34][35], electrostatic assemblies [30], and composites and studied its properties as electrocatalyst and sensor [36][37][38][39]. In a previous work, it was reported the synthesis and characterization of a class of porphyrins, where http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2014.08.117 0013-4686/© 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.…”