Multimaterial 3D Printing for Arbitrary Distribution with Nanoscale Resolution

Abstract

At the core of additive manufacturing (3D printing) is the ability to rapidly print with multiple materials for arbitrary distribution with high resolution, which can remove challenges and limits of traditional assembly and enable us to make increasingly complex objects, especially exciting meta-materials. Here we demonstrate a simple and effective strategy to achieve nano-resolution printing of multiple materials for arbitrary distribution via layer-by-layer deposition on a special deposition surface. The established physical model reveals that complex distribution on a section can be achieved by vertical deformation of simple lamination of multiple materials. The deformation is controlled by a special surface of the mold and a contour-by-contour (instead of point-by-point) printing mode is revealed in the actual process. A large-scale concentric ring array with a minimum feature size below 50 nm is printed within less than two hours, verifying the capacity of high-throughput, high-resolution and rapidity of printing. The proposed printing method opens the way towards the programming of internal compositions of object (such as functional microdevices with multiple materials).

Enhanced Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Stereolithography 3D Printed Structures by the Effects of Incorporated Controllably Annealed Anatase TiO2 Nanoparticles

“…A • ‾ + H + → H A • (8) The combination of electrons in CB with protons would cause the formation of atomic hydrogen followed by H A • radicals, which would help initiate the polymerization reaction. e − CB + H + → H • , (9) A+ H • → H A • , (10) Where, A, A…”

“…Among all 3D printing technologies, stereolithography (SLA) technology has been noted as the first patented and promoted technique. Photopolymerization is the critical mechanism of SLA 3D printing technology, demonstrating superior performance in the manufacture of 3D objects with accuracy, rapid curing, and micro-nanoscale resolution [9][10][11]. Nowadays, the photopolymerization applications and their utilization among industries are striking as well as modest schemes involving polymer chemistry [12].…”

A Novel Approach to Enhance Mechanical and Thermal Properties of SLA 3D Printed Structure by Incorporation of Metal–Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

“…The 3D printing technology lies in the fabrication process, which facilitates the layer by layer structure formation of 3D objects with the assistance of computer-aided design (CAD) data [9]. Rapid prototyping (3D printing), and the complexities facilitated by it, were transfiguring manufacturing, beyond just the geometry of the part, but also the chemistry and microstructure within the part with position-precise properties [10,11]. Among all the 3D printing technologies, the stereolithography (SLA) technique was noted as the first patented and most promoted process.…”

Topology optimization of microstructure of solid‐oxide fuel cell anode to minimize thermal mismatch

“…Some microstructures using multiple materials also can be fabricated. Zhang et al 43 recently proposed a new method of nanoresolution 3D printing to rapidly achieve arbitrary distribution of multiple materials on a large scale. Based on atomic deposition on patterned sapphire substrate, a concentric ring array with alternative deposition of tungsten and aluminum at nanoscale resolution on a large scale is printed, thereby validating the speed and nanoscale resolution of the method.…”