Multiline Cultivars as a Means of Disease Control

Browning, and J A; Frey, K. J.

doi:10.1146/annurev.py.07.090169.002035

Cited by 336 publications

(163 citation statements)

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“…The effectiveness of cultivar mixtures to control fungal diseases of the foliage in small grain corps is well documented (e.g. Browning and Frey 1969;Wolfe 1985). We investigate the velocity of focus expansion in mixtures of susceptible and resistant plants, at constant total plant density.…”

Section: Focus Development In Cultivar Mixturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The velocity of spatial population expansion

1990

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Abstract. We consider the velocity with which an invading population spreads over space. For a general linear model, originally due to Diekmann and Thieme, it is shown that the asymptotic velocity of population expansion can be calculated if information is available on: (i) the net-reproduction, ~; i.e. the expected number of offspring produced by one individual throughout its life, and (ii) the (normalized) reproduction-and-dispersal kernel, {J(a, x -e); i.e. the density of newborns produced per unit of time at position x by an individual of age a born at e. By means of numerical examples we study the effect of the net-reproduction and the shape of the reproductionand-dispersal kernel on the velocity of population expansion. The reproduction-and-dispersal kernel is difficult to measure in full. This leads us to derive approximation formulas in terms of easily measurable parameters. The relation between the velocity of population expansion calculated from the general model and that from the Fisher /Skellam diffusion model is discussed. As a final step we use the model to analyse some real-life examples, thus showing how it can be put to work.

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Section: Focus Development In Cultivar Mixturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The velocity of spatial population expansion

1990

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“…Because of linkage, Victoria and Bond derivatives were opposites in reaction to both stem rust and crown rust races. Thus, simultaneously and dramatically, Bond derivatives controlled Victoria blight and Victoria rust races but selected for Bond races (16). In 1953, I witnessed the results of the rusts' feasting at this bountiful banquet table.…”

Section: Successful Use Of Genetic Diversity-a Natural Disease-limitmentioning

confidence: 99%

ONE PHYTOPATHOLOGIST'S GROWTH THROUGH IPM TO HOLISTIC PLANT HEALTH: The Key to Approaching Genetic Yield Potential

1998

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

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I relate my becoming a phytopathologist and my very satisfying growth into and beyond IPM to holistic plant health, and puzzle over paradigms that have prevented our accepting the overwhelming logic of (a) seeking defensible diseaseloss data to justify funding and guide research and management priorities, (b) managing genetic diversity to retard pathogen development, (c) conserving genetic diversity in situ, and (d ) educating and training general practitioner plant doctors. These multidisciplinary health care professionals are key to overcoming sources of stress that cause major world crops to yield only 15-20% of their genetic potential, on average. Thus, plant doctors give hope for approaching attainable yield and feeding a hungry world-if, simultaneously, human population growth is reduced. The plant health movement has the potential to effect the greatest change in world agriculture since the Green Revolution, and the DPH/M to become plant agriculture's most important single degree program.

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“…Breeders have developed numerous rice blast-resistant cultivars; however, the extensive use of these cultivars has led to the subsequent breakdown of their resistance as new pathogenic variants arise. Several groups have utilized resistant multiline cultivars or near-isogenic lines, mixtures of lines that are genetically uniform except for their disease resistance, to manage cereal diseases, including rice blast 1,5,8,11,26,29,[31][32][33][34][35]54,59,60,62,68 . These methods have helped stabilize yield and lowered costs while reducing both disease and pest pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasexual Recombination in Magnaporthe oryzae

Noguchi

2011

JARQ

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Parasexual recombination is thought to be one of the causes of variation in the pathogenicity of rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, which breaks down resistant rice varieties. In this study, the virulence and fitness of parasexual recombinants of M. oryzae were examined in vitro and in the field. According to the results of the genetic analysis of the pathogenicity of parasexual recombinants of the fungus, the segregation ratios of avirulence and virulence among recombinants on rice cultivar Hattan 3 and line K59-1 were consistent with those of the sexual progeny of the fungus. This indicated that the avirulent genes of the parasexual recombinants were segregated in a manner similar to that in sexual reproduction. The fitness of parasexual recombinants derived from co-cultures of parental isolates was also investigated. The recombinants produced intermediate-sized lesions and intermediate numbers of spores between the parents on the host. Plants inoculated with the recombinant also showed intermediate disease severities between the parents in the field. Parasexual recombinants can attack a rice multiline system because their virulence and fitness is inherited from the parents.

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Multiline Cultivars as a Means of Disease Control

Cited by 336 publications

References 0 publications

The velocity of spatial population expansion

The velocity of spatial population expansion

ONE PHYTOPATHOLOGIST'S GROWTH THROUGH IPM TO HOLISTIC PLANT HEALTH: The Key to Approaching Genetic Yield Potential

Parasexual Recombination in Magnaporthe oryzae

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