Multilevel resilience resources and cardiovascular disease in the United States: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Park, Jee Won; Mealy, Rachel; Saldanha, Ian J.; Loucks, Eric B.; Needham, Belinda L.; Sims, Mario; Fava, Joseph L.; Dulin, Akilah; Howe, Chanelle J.

doi:10.1037/hea0001069

Cited by 20 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The article by Park et al (2022) provides an important systematic review of the connection between resilience resources and cardiovascular outcomes. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S. and in many other countries, and the findings contribute to knowledge of how resilience may help mitigate this disease.…”

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confidence: 99%

Introduction to the special section: Resilience for physical and behavioral health.

Tsai¹,

Freedland²

2022

Health Psychology

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Psychological resilience represents an important construct for physical and behavioral health. This article introduces a special section on resilience as it relates to health psychology. In this special section, resilience in the context of cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, sleep disorders, and cancers are studied. This special section is part of an American Psychological Association (APA) interdivisional journal series on resilience.

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confidence: 99%

Introduction to the special section: Resilience for physical and behavioral health.

Tsai¹,

Freedland²

2022

Health Psychology

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“…Furthermore, conceptual frameworks such as the Reserve Capacity Model posit that resilience resources help individuals adapt to the adverse effects of threats to CVH (33,34). This hypothesis is supported by a recent systematic review and meta-analysis (35). In particular, greater individuallevel resilience resources are associated with lower adverse CVD outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Examining Optimism, Psychosocial Risks, and Cardiovascular Health Using Life's Simple 7 Metrics in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and the Jackson Heart Study

Park

Dulin

Needham

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Background: Optimism has been shown to be positively associated with better cardiovascular health (CVH). However, there is a dearth of prospective studies showing the benefits of optimism on CVH, especially in the presence of adversities, i.e., psychosocial risks. This study examines the prospective relationship between optimism and CVH outcomes based on the Life's Simple 7 (LS7) metrics and whether multilevel psychosocial risks modify the aforementioned relationship.Methods: We examined self-reported optimism and CVH using harmonized data from two U.S. cohorts: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) and Jackson Heart Study (JHS). Modified Poisson regression models were used to estimate the relationship between optimism and CVH using LS7 among MESA participants (N = 3,520) and to examine the relationship of interest based on four biological LS7 metrics (body mass index, blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood glucose) among JHS and MESA participants (N = 5,541). For all CVH outcomes, we assessed for effect measure modification by psychosocial risk.Results: Among MESA participants, the adjusted risk ratio (aRR) for ideal or intermediate CVH using LS7 comparing participants who reported high or medium optimism to those with the lowest level of optimism was 1.10 [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.04–1.16] and 1.05 (95% CI: 0.99–1.11), respectively. Among MESA and JHS participants, the corresponding aRRs for having all ideal or intermediate (vs. no poor) metrics based on the four biological LS7 metrics were 1.05 (0.98–1.12) and 1.04 (0.97–1.11), respectively. The corresponding aRRs for having lower cardiovascular risk (0–1 poor metrics) based on the four biological LS7 metrics were 1.01 (0.98–1.03) and 1.01 (0.98–1.03), respectively. There was some evidence of effect modification by neighborhood deprivation for the LS7 outcome and by chronic stress for the ideal or intermediate (no poor) metrics outcome based on the four biological LS7 metrics.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that greater optimism is positively associated with better CVH based on certain LS7 outcomes among a racially/ethnically diverse study population. This relationship may be effect measure modified by specific psychosocial risks. Optimism shows further promise as a potential area for intervention on CVH. However, additional prospective and intervention studies are needed.

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“…For instance, resilience has shown to have a moderating and mediating role in the associations between coping style and uncertainty in illness ( 7 ), and to protect against unfavorable cardiometabolic outcomes that are otherwise more likely in stroke patients ( 8 ). A higher level of resilience has also been associated with better cardiovascular outcomes ( 9 ). However, it is not clear whether resilience should be considered as a personal trait or a learnt behavior ( 5 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience and Its Association With Activities of Daily Living 3 Months After Stroke

et al. 2022

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Independence in basic activities of daily living (ADL) is an important outcome after stroke. Identifying factors associated with independence can contribute to improve post-stroke rehabilitation. Resilience, which is the ability of coping with a serious event, might be such a factor. Still, the impact of resilience and its role in rehabilitation after stroke is poorly investigated. Hence, the purpose of this study was to assess whether resilience assessed early after stroke can be associated with independence in basic ADL 3 months later. Hospitalized patients with a diagnosed acute stroke and a modified Rankin Scale score ≤ 4 were included. Bivariate and multivariate linear regression were applied to assess whether resilience as measured by the Brief Resilience Scale within the first 2 weeks after stroke was associated with basic ADL measured by Barthel Index at 3-month follow-up. Age, sex, fatigue, stroke severity at admission and pre-stroke disability were added as covariates. Sixty-four participants (35 (54.7%) male), aged 75.9 (SD 8.6) years were included 4.3 (SD 2.8) days after stroke. There was no significant change in resilience from baseline 3.1 (SD 0.3) to 3 months later 3.2 (SD 0.5). Resilience was not associated with basic ADL in neither the bivariate (b = 2.01, 95% CI −5.21, 9.23, p = 0.580) nor in the multivariate regression models (b = 0.50, 95% CI −4.87, 6.88, p = 0.853). Our results showed that resilience remained stable during follow-up. Early measurement of resilience was not associated with independence in basic activities of daily living 3 months after stroke. These results, indicate that resilience is a personal trait not associated with the outcome of physical adversity. However, future research should investigate whether resilience is related to the outcomes of psychosocial adversity after a stroke.

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Multilevel resilience resources and cardiovascular disease in the United States: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Cited by 20 publications

References 69 publications

Introduction to the special section: Resilience for physical and behavioral health.

Introduction to the special section: Resilience for physical and behavioral health.

Examining Optimism, Psychosocial Risks, and Cardiovascular Health Using Life's Simple 7 Metrics in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and the Jackson Heart Study

Resilience and Its Association With Activities of Daily Living 3 Months After Stroke

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