“…Layered micro- and nanostructures figure prominently in nature. While varying in color, shape, size, and composition, they share extensive interfaces in one, two, or three dimensions. − These multi-scale and multi-material structures may provide remarkable properties and functionalities ( i.e. , support, structure, orientation, mass transfer, and interfacial connection) that are crucial for many purposes. − ,, These architectures have inspired countless research contributions dedicated to mimicking their structures and compositions to harness their highly efficient and exceptional electrical, chemical, physical, optical, and structural properties. − In the field of micro-electro-mechanical systems and nanotechnology, there is growing interest in fabricating such multifunctional constructs for applications in optical imaging, − catalysis, − drug delivery, − sensing, ,, micro-motors, ,, and water purification …”