Multilayer piezocomposite structures with piezoceramic volume fractions determined by mathematical optimisation

Abrar, A.; Cochran, Sandy

doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2004.01.019

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…A fair solution to meet these requirements is provided by multilayered piezocomposites (Figure 1) due to their higher electromechanical coupling coefficients and higher piezoelectric voltage constants compared to conventional dense materials. Moreover, the material parameters of the piezocomposite can be accommodated by adjusting appropriately the ceramic-to-polymer volume fractions in the different layers to satisfy the specific performance for the purposed application [12,13]. Accordingly, multilayered d 33 -mode piezocomposite electricity-generating element (PCGE) was considered since the pressure and wheel loads applied on the bridge bearing act only in the vertical direction.…”

Section: Pcge For On-bridge Traffic Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Bridge Weigh‐in‐Motion System Using Piezo‐Bearing

Choo

Chang³

et al. 2018

Shock and Vibration

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The traditional BWIM (bridge weigh-in-motion) system measures the deformation of the bridge by means of sensors and uses these measurements to estimate the characteristics of passing traffic by means of dedicated algorithms. However, the application of the BWIM system is subordinated to the type of superstructure, composition, geometry, materials, and shape of the bridge, the location of the strain sensors used in the system, and the need to calibrate the measured strain curve and of a precise model of the structure at hand. In order to be free from these constraints, this paper proposes a simpler BWIM system using the bridge bearings as a weighing scale to measure the reaction forces at the supports resulting from the passing traffic. To that goal, the piezocomposite element known for its durability and responsiveness to external loading is embedded appropriately in the bridge bearing to achieve the piezo-bearing. This paper presents the BWIM system constituted by the so-called piezo-bearing, the results of a series of tests conducted to verify the responsiveness of the system to external dynamic excitation, and a numerical example to validate the feasibility of the proposed BWIM system. The numerical example shows that the identification of the characteristics of the vehicle crossing the bridge can be realized based simply upon the theory of mechanics using the time histories of the measured reaction forces instead of the deformation of the bridge.

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Section: Pcge For On-bridge Traffic Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Bridge Weigh‐in‐Motion System Using Piezo‐Bearing

Choo

Chang³

et al. 2018

Shock and Vibration

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“…In order to increase the pressure wave amplitude, several piezoelectric disks, in a stack configuration, can be used. This configuration allows multiplying the free displacement by the number of layers n. In this case, the displacement is given by (Abrar & Cochran et al 2004):…”

Section: Piezoelectric Transducers Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among all the piezoelectric materials, the most common to these types of applications are the ceramics: Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT), Lead Titanate (PT), Lead Magnesium Niobate (PMN) and Lead Zinc Niobate (PZN) (Abrar & Cochran 2004;Bove et al 2001;Shrout et al 2008). However, other often used materials are the polymers Polyviylidenefluoride (PVDF) and P(VDF-TrFE) (Levassort et al 1998;Schmerr et al 2006;Shrout et al 2008;Lewin & Bloomfield et al 1997) and single crystals of PZT, PMN and PZN (Saitoh et al 1998;Yamamoto et al 2013).…”

Section: Materials Selection and Transducer Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of the acoustic impedance in ultrasonic emitter transducers using digital modulations

et al. 2015

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The existing technologies using electromagnetic waves or lasers are not very efficient due to the large attenuation in the aquatic environment. Ultrasound reveals a lower attenuation, and thus has been used in underwater long-distance communications. For high data-rates and real-time applications it is necessary to use frequencies in the MHz range, allowing communication distances of hundreds of meters with a delay of milliseconds. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to develop ultrasound transducers able to work at high frequencies and wideband, with suitable responses to digital modulations. This work shows how the acoustic impedance influences the performance of an ultrasonic emitter transducer when digital modulations are used and operating at frequencies between 100 kHz and 1 MHz. The study includes a Finite Element Method and a MATLAB/Simulink simulation with an experimental validation to evaluate two types of piezoelectric materials: one based on ceramics (high acoustic impedance) with a resonance design and the other based in polymer (low acoustic impedance) designed to optimize the performance when digital modulations are used. The transducers performance for Binary Amplitude Shift Keying, On-Off Keying, Binary Phase Shift Keying and Binary Frequency Shift Keying modulations with a 1 MHz carrier at 125 kbps baud rate are compared.

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“…As we have noted elsewhere [6], multilayer structures allow the designer more flexibility than single layer devices. However, this flexibility makes the design process more complicated and we have therefore developed mathematical optimisation techniques based on simulated annealing to achieve unusual results.…”

Section: Other Issuesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Piezocomposite transducers for operation in 15-25 kHz range

Abrar

Choi²,

Cochran³

et al.

IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium, 2004

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The demands on underwater sonar transducer performance have increased in recent years, as the capabilities of modern electronics have increased. Broad bandwidths and high source level are now in demand at low frequencies, in turn calling for transducers in which materials, composition and geometry are exploited innovatively. In this paper, we report initial finite element analysis (FEA) studies for a piezocomposite transducer exhibiting promising results in the 15 -25 kHz frequency range. Measurements taken in air and underwater at various excitation signal levels compare well with the theoretical predictions. Key results are presented to demonstrate the TVR, RVS and beam width of the prototype device. Previous work on optimisation of multilayer designs suggested that the new design may be further improved by varying its properties layer-to-layer. We discuss this and indicate potential performance improvements. Bondlines are another important issue in multilayer devices and their effects are carefully considered.

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Multilayer piezocomposite structures with piezoceramic volume fractions determined by mathematical optimisation

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

New Bridge Weigh‐in‐Motion System Using Piezo‐Bearing

New Bridge Weigh‐in‐Motion System Using Piezo‐Bearing

Effect of the acoustic impedance in ultrasonic emitter transducers using digital modulations

Piezocomposite transducers for operation in 15-25 kHz range

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