Multilayer graphene, Moiré patterns, grain boundaries and defects identified by scanning tunneling microscopy on the m-plane, non-polar surface of SiC

Xu, Peng; Qi, D.; Schoelz, J.K.; Thompson, J.; Thibado, P. M.; Nyakiti, Luke O.; Myers-Ward, R. L.; Eddy, Charles R.; Gaskill, D. Kurt; Peeters, F. M.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2014.08.028

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…It should be noted the appearance of so-called Moire contrast on some TEM micrographs of the N-MLG particles (Fig. 2e), which can be caused by a slight misorientation (displacement relative to each other) of graphene layers in a multilayer package [19, 20]. A similar effect was observed earlier for electrochemically obtained MLG by using benzoate anions as the electrolyte [15].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 68%

One-Step Electrochemical Preparation of Multilayer Graphene Functionalized with Nitrogen

et al. 2017

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A new environmentally friendly one-step method for producing multilayer (preferably 7–9 layers) nitrogen-doped graphene (N-MLG) with a slight amount of oxygen-containing defects was developed. The approach is based on the electrochemical exfoliation of graphite electrode in the presence of azide ions under the conditions of electrolysis with pulse changing of the electrode polarization potential. It was found that usage of azide anions lead not only to the exfoliation of graphite but also to the simultaneous functionalization of graphene sheets by nitrogen atoms (as a result of electrochemical decomposition of azide anions with ammonia evolution). Composition, morphology, structure, and electrochemical properties of N-MLG were characterized by C,H,N analysis, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, FTIR, UV–Vis, and Raman spectroscopy, as well as cyclic voltammetry. The perspective of using N-MLG as oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalyst and for the electrochemical analysis of biomarkers (dopamine, ascorbic acid, and uric acid) in their mixtures was shown.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 68%

One-Step Electrochemical Preparation of Multilayer Graphene Functionalized with Nitrogen

et al. 2017

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“…Epitaxial graphene grown by thermal annealing of SiC has been studied extensively with several complementary techniques to reveal its structural and electronic properties. These studies helped to better understand many aspects of graphene layer on SiC (ionic center position, thickness uniformity, stacking, relative layer orientation and variation of the band structure with number of graphene layers) [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] . However, a number of questions still remain about the nature of the graphene-substrate interface and how it affects the Dirac fermions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of moiré lattice structure on electronic properties of graphene

et al. 2017

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We study structural and electronic properties of graphene grown on SiC substrate using scanning tunneling microscope (STM), spot-profile-analysis low energy electron diffraction (SPA-LEED) and angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). We find several new replicas of Dirac cones in the Brillouin zone (BZ). Their locations can be understood in terms of combination of basis vectors linked to SiC 6 × 6 and graphene 6 √ 3 × 6 √ 3 reconstruction. Therefore these new features originate from the Moiré caused by the lattice mismatch between SiC and graphene. More specifically, Dirac cones replicas are caused by underlying weak modulation of the ionic potential by the substrate that is then experienced by the electrons in the graphene. We also demonstrate that this effect is equally strong in single and tri-layer graphene, therefore the additional Dirac cones are intrinsic features rather than result of photoelectron diffraction. These new features in the electronic structure are very important for the interpretation of recent transport measurements and can assist in tuning the properties of graphene for practical applications. arXiv:1706.05345v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall]

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“…The bilayer formation process with spontaneous self-assembly and layer-by-layer stacking is schematically illustrated in In conventional spontaneous self-assembly as shown in Figure 1b 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 equivalent scenario is observed in the case of graphene wherein twisted adjacent layers are observed, in turn yielding the patterns. 47 In a separate work, secondary sputtering lithography and block-copolymer Moiré superstructures have been employed for creating various superlattice structures. [48][49] Hence, the usage of Moiré patterns has proved to be a versatile technique for the formation of complex superlattices and plasmonic nanostructures.…”

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confidence: 99%

Moiré Nanosphere Lithography

Chen

Rajeeva

et al. 2015

ACS Nano

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We have developed moiré nanosphere lithography (M-NSL), which incorporates in-plane rotation between neighboring monolayers, to extend the patterning capability of conventional nanosphere lithography (NSL). NSL, which uses self-assembled layers of monodisperse micro/nanospheres as masks, is a low-cost, scalable nanofabrication technique and has been widely employed to fabricate various nanoparticle arrays. Combination with dry etching and/or angled deposition has greatly enriched the family of nanoparticles NSL can yield. In this work, we introduce a variant of this technique, which uses sequential stacking of polystyrene nanosphere monolayers to form a bilayer crystal instead of conventional spontaneous self-assembly. Sequential stacking leads to the formation of moiré patterns other than the usually observed thermodynamically stable configurations. Subsequent O2 plasma etching results in a variety of complex nanostructures. Using the etched moiré patterns as masks, we have fabricated complementary gold nanostructures and studied their optical properties. We believe this facile technique provides a strategy to fabricate complex nanostructures or metasurfaces.

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Multilayer graphene, Moiré patterns, grain boundaries and defects identified by scanning tunneling microscopy on the m-plane, non-polar surface of SiC

Cited by 18 publications

References 43 publications

One-Step Electrochemical Preparation of Multilayer Graphene Functionalized with Nitrogen

One-Step Electrochemical Preparation of Multilayer Graphene Functionalized with Nitrogen

Effects of moiré lattice structure on electronic properties of graphene

Moiré Nanosphere Lithography

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