Multilamellar or multivesicular vesicles?

Talsma, H.; Jousma, H.; Nicolay, Klaas; Crommelin, Daan J.A.

doi:10.1016/0378-5173(87)90023-8

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Multilamellar liposomes with different lamellar spacings either within the same vesicle or between different vesicles will have different scattering curves, and the overall diffraction pattern for the system may average out to a broad smoother peak [17]. In addition, multivesicular liposomes will be recognised as unilamellar structures by the diffuse small angle X-ray diffraction [26]. Therefore, although the scattering curves are similar to those observed from primarily unilamellar and multivescular systems, this does not rule out the possibility that there are still a significant proportion of multilamellar liposomes within the dispersions, as seen by the electron micrographs (Fig.…”

Section: Lamellaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

The properties of liposomes produced from milk fat globule membrane material using different techniques

Thompson¹,

Mozafari²,

Singh³

2007

Lait

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The isolation of milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) material from buttermilk on a commercial scale has provided a new ingredient rich in phospholipids and sphingolipids. In the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, highly purified phospholipids extracted from soya oil or egg yolk are used to produce liposomes. Liposomes are spherical structures consisting of one or more phospholipid bilayers enclosing an aqueous core. They may be used for the entrapment and controlled release of drugs or nutraceuticals, as model membranes or cells, and even for specialist techniques such as gene delivery. There are many potential applications for liposomes in the food industry, ranging from the protection of sensitive ingredients to increasing the efficacy of food additives. Our previous work compared the structure and properties of liposomes prepared from a milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) fraction and soya phospholipid material using a high-pressure homogenizer (Microfluidizer). These results identified some potential advantages in the use of MFGM phospholipids for the manufacture of liposomes for use in food systems. This paper compared the general structure and properties of liposomes prepared from the same MFGM phospholipid material using three different techniques-microfluidization, the traditional thin-film hydration and the heating method. The thin-film hydration technique required the use of organic solvents, while the other two methods do not involve any non food-safe chemicals. The liposomes prepared by both microfluidization and the heating method had high entrapment efficiencies. Liposomes produced via microfluidization tended to be significantly smaller than those produced by the other methods, with a narrower size distribution, and a higher proportion of unilamellar vesicles. There did not seem to be any advantages in the use of the thin-film hydration method, opening the door to the use of food-safe methods for liposome production. liposome / milk fat globule membrane / phospholipid / microfluidization

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Section: Lamellaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

The properties of liposomes produced from milk fat globule membrane material using different techniques

Thompson¹,

Mozafari²,

Singh³

2007

Lait

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“…water interfaces in the emulsion. By slight changes in the preparation procedure large vesicles with entrapped smaller vesicles (multivesicular vesicles) can also be prepared (Talsma et al, 1987, and references therein). MLVs can be prepared also from preformed SUVs or LUVs either by controlled fusion, freeze-thawing or by a dehydration-rehydration cycle.…”

Section: +H20mentioning

confidence: 99%

The mechanism of vesicle formation

Lasiç

1988

Biochemical Journal

452

230

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“…The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted September 27, 2021. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.09. 26.461841 doi: bioRxiv preprint lysosome identification is the frequent tendency of lysosomes to feature multiple membranes [13], resulting in an appearance similar to that observed for multilamellar bodies (MLBs; Figure 1L-M; Table 1), which are liposomes that contain lipids within a central compartment surrounded by many membrane bilayers [14]. Lysosomal membranes feature inner folds that are highly organized, and the enzymes contained within lysosomes have a distinct, darker, and more consistent appearance versus the lipids typically found in MLBs (Figure 1A-C, L-M; Table 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Although these structures are related to autophagy, they are different from autophagosomes and should not be included in quantifications of autophagosomes [17]. Typically MVBs and MLBs only display a single membrane (Figure 1L; Table 1); therefore, the presence of a second membrane, in addition to the identification of inner recycled ribosomes, more circular shapes representing cargo, or more internal lipids, are all characteristic of autophagosomes (Figure 1D; Table 1) [14,15]. Additionally, MVBs are generally smaller than autophagosomes and lysosomes, whereas MLBs are larger, sometimes reaching a size ten times that of a typical lysosome [11,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically MVBs and MLBs only display a single membrane (Figure 1L; Table 1); therefore, the presence of a second membrane, in addition to the identification of inner recycled ribosomes, more circular shapes representing cargo, or more internal lipids, are all characteristic of autophagosomes (Figure 1D; Table 1) [14,15]. Additionally, MVBs are generally smaller than autophagosomes and lysosomes, whereas MLBs are larger, sometimes reaching a size ten times that of a typical lysosome [11,14]. Furthermore, autolysosomes (Figure 1C-E; Table 1) may also be mistaken for LDs (Figure 1F-J; Table 1) or lysosomes (Figure 1A-C; Table 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Systematic Transmission Electron Microscopy-Based Identification and 3D Reconstruction of Cellular Degradation Machinery

Neikirk

Vue

Katti

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Autophagosomes and lysosomes work in tandem to conduct autophagy, an intracellular degradation system which is crucial for cellular homeostasis. Altered autophagy contributes to the pathophysiology of various diseases, including cancers and metabolic diseases. Although many studies have investigated autophagy to elucidate disease pathogenesis, specific identification of the various components of the cellular degradation machinery remains difficult. The goal of this paper is to describe an approach to reproducibly identify and distinguish subcellular structures involved in autophagy. We provide methods that avoid common pitfalls, including a detailed explanation for how to distinguish lysosomes and lipid droplets and discuss the differences between autophagosomes and inclusion bodies. These methods are based on using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), capable of generating nanometer-scale micrographs of cellular degradation components in a fixed sample. In addition to TEM, we discuss other imaging techniques, such as immunofluorescence and immunogold labeling, which can be utilized for the reliable and accurate classification of cellular organelles. Our results show how these methods may be employed to accurately quantify the cellular degradation machinery under various conditions, such as treatment with the endoplasmic reticulum stressor thapsigargin or the ablation of dynamin-related protein 1.

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Multilamellar or multivesicular vesicles?

Cited by 27 publications

References 7 publications

The properties of liposomes produced from milk fat globule membrane material using different techniques

The properties of liposomes produced from milk fat globule membrane material using different techniques

The mechanism of vesicle formation

Systematic Transmission Electron Microscopy-Based Identification and 3D Reconstruction of Cellular Degradation Machinery

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