Multigene Phylogeny and Morphology Reveal Three Novel Species and a Novel Record of Agaricus From Northern Thailand

Abstract

Agaricus is a saprophytic mushroom genus widely distributed throughout the world. In this study, a survey of the Agaricus species carried out around Chiang Mai University in northern Thailand from 2018 to 2019 yielded 12 collections. Morphological characteristics and phylogenic analyses based on the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and a fragment of the large subunit (LSU) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA), and a fragment of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) genes were investigated. The results revealed that these collections belong to six species including Agaricus erectosquamosus, Agaricus pallidobrunneus, Agaricus subrufescens, and three new species. Agaricus thailandensis sp. nov. was found to belong to Agaricus sect. Minores, which is placed in Agaricus subg. Minores. Aagricus pseudoerectosquamosus sp. nov. was placed in Agaricus sect. Brunneopicti within Agaricus subg. Pseudochitonia. Furthermore, Agaricus lannaensis remains an incertae sedis in Agaricus subg. Pseudochitonia. Additionally, this study was proposed that A. pallidobrunneus was discovered in Thailand for the first time. Full descriptions, color photographs, illustrations, and phylogenetic trees are provided.

Survey of Volvariella (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) including Two New Species, V. neovolvacea and V. thailandensis, from Northern Thailand

“…Many studies have proposed that Thailand has proven to be a hot spot for novel species discovery [22]. Recently, this has been further evidenced by the discovery of many new species of macrofungi [23][24][25]. In this study, we found seven Volvariella specimens during our investigations of macrofungi in northern Thailand during the period from 2018 to 2020.…”

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“…The genus Agaricus L. (1753:1171) includes more than 600 species, according to the Catalogue of Life (Bánki et al 2023). Species of Agaricus are distributed throughout the world, except in Antarctica (Jaichaliaw et al 2021). Zhao et al (2016) proposed the segregation of this genus into five subgenera and 20 sections, considering the evolutionary divergence time as a standard taxonomic criterion.…”

Six New Species of Agaricus (Agaricaceae, Agaricales) from Northeast China

“…Xanthodermatei and A. sect. Hondenses exhibit toxicity, such as A. xanthodermus Genev., which can induce gastrointestinal symptoms [49][50][51]. Despite a lack of research, A. daqinggouensis is unsuitable for consumption due to potential toxicity.…”