Multifunctional Tissue-Adhesive Cryogel Wound Dressing for Rapid Nonpressing Surface Hemorrhage and Wound Repair

Abstract

Cryogels with tissue adhesion have great potential as wound dressings for rapid hemostasis for uncontrollable nonpressing surface hemorrhage and wound healing, but their use has not been reported previously. Herein, we designed a series of antibacterial and antioxidant tissue-adhesive cryogels based on quaternized chitosan (QCS) and polydopamine (PDA). These cryogels had good blood cell and platelet adhesion, enrichment, and activation properties for rapid nonpressing surface hemostasis and wound healing. The cryogels exhibited outstanding mechanical strength and easy removability, antioxidant activity, and NIR photothermal-enhanced antibacterial performance. The cryogels showed much better hemostasis than gauze and gelatin sponge in a standardized strip rat liver injury model, a standardized circular rabbit liver section model, and a pig skin laceration model. Furthermore, the excellent hemostatic performance of the QCS/ PDA2.0 cryogel (containing 20 mg/mL QCS and 2.0 mg/mL PDA) for coagulopathic hemorrhages was confirmed in a standardized coagulation disorder rabbit circular liver section model. In addition, the QCS/PDA2.0 cryogel promoted rapid hemostasis in a deep noncompressible wound and a much better wound healing effect than a chitosan sponge and Tegaderm film in a full-thickness skin defect model. Overall, these multifunctional tissue-adhesive cryogels with excellent hemostatic performance and enhanced wound healing properties are suitable candidates for tissue-adhesive hemostat and wound healing dressings.

N‐dodecylated chitosan/graphene oxide composite cryogel for hemostasis and antibacterial treatment

“…The in vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated by co-cultivating extract of cryogels and mouse embryonic fibroblast (3 T3) cells. 41 The cryogels with 10 mm diameter and 10 mm in height were immersed in 4 ml Dulbecco's modified eagle medium (DMEM) in a 12 well plate and cultured at 37 C for 24 h to obtain an extract solution. In the meantime, 1 × 10 4 cells were seeded in DMEM with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin sulfate (100 units ml −1 ) and streptomycin (100 μg ml −1 ) and cultured for 24 h at 37 C under a humidified 5% CO 2 .…”

“…Recently, many researches have been paid to accomplish hemostasis and defense bacterial invasion simultaneously. [16][17][18][19] In order to improve the antibacterial property of hemostatic materials, antibiotics or silver nanoparticles were usually added to hemostatic materials. Although both of them have well resistance to bacterial invasion, they also possess obvious side effects such as cytotoxicity or drug resistance.…”

Microchannelled chitosan sponge grafting with hydrophobic alkyl chain for enhanced noncompressible hemorrhage and tissue regeneration

“…4H). Indeed, a large number of studies have demonstrated that, compared to water, blood is more likely to prolong the shape recovery time of hemostats due to its higher viscosity 14,15 . In contrast, there was no signi cant difference in shape recovery time for the MACSs after the absorption of water and blood.…”

“…The pore structure inside the ACS and reported shape-memory hemostats generated by the removal of ice crystals and by gas foaming methods exhibited low interconnectivity, which slowed down the ow speed of the blood. 6,9,10,11,15,16 .…”

“…However, they displayed limited absorption of blood and required decades of seconds to restore their shapes, which may cause the prologation of hemostasis time and more blood loss 5 . Injectable cryogels with high blood absorbability and rapid-shape recovery capacity have also been developed for treatment of noncompressible hemorrhage 6,14,15 . The hemostatic effect of these materials was achieved by restoring shape and applying mechanical compression on the wound.…”