Multifunctional Protein-Enabled Patterning on Arrayed Ferroelectric Materials

Abstract

This study demonstrates a biological route to programming well-defined protein-inorganic interfaces with an arrayed geometry via modular peptide tag technology. To illustrate this concept, we designed a model multifunctional fusion protein, which simultaneously displays a maltose-binding protein (MBP), a green fluorescence protein (GFPuv) and an inorganic-binding peptide (AgBP2C). The fused combinatorially selected AgBP2C tag controls and site-directs the multifunctional fusion protein to immobilize on silver nanoparticle arrays that are fabricated on specific domain surfaces of ferroelectric LiNbO(3) via photochemical deposition and in situ synthesis. Our combined peptide-assisted biological and ferroelectric lithography approach offers modular design and versatility in tailoring surface reactivity for fabrication of nanoscale devices in environmentally benign conditions.

Influence of annealing on the photodeposition of silver on periodically poled lithium niobate

“…The reversible spontaneous polarization of ferroelectric materials makes them suitable for applications (e.g., biosensing 1,2 ) based on local control of surface reactivity, 3,4 which depends strongly on the polarization-dependent surface electronic structure and charge screening. 3,5,6 Polarizationdependent surface reactivity has been exploited extensively for the photoreduction of metallic nanoparticles.…”

“…3,5,6 Polarizationdependent surface reactivity has been exploited extensively for the photoreduction of metallic nanoparticles. [1][2][3][4] Typically, when aqueous AgNO 3 solution is placed on a ferroelectric surface illuminated with super bandgap light, photogenerated electrons accumulate at the positive domain surface due to downwards band bending, leading to the deposition of Ag particles on the positive domains via the reduction of Ag þ to Ag 0 . 8,9,11,12 LN has proven to be an exception to this rule, whereby the metal particles have been found to deposit in some cases along the domain wall and on positive and negative domains in others, depending on the experimental conditions.…”

Direct bioelectrocatalysis at the interfaces by genetically engineered dehydrogenase

“…[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] Also, several research groups, including the authors, have demonstrated the use of a variety of solid-binding peptides as anchoring molecules onto the surfaces as well as providing functional integration between the enzymes/ proteins and specific inorganic supports. [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] The biological nature of these short peptide sequences and their vast ability to create selforganised assemblies on a surface under physiological conditions make them highly desirable when compared with their counterparts that may require higher temperatures and pH values, or other harsh reaction conditions. Among the industrially important enzymes, oxidoreductases are capable of catalysing key metabolic reactions.…”

Tunable and highly reproducible surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates made from large-scale nanoparticle arrays based on periodically poled LiNbO3templates

“…Metallic nanoparticle arrays can be fabricated via photochemical deposition on polarized domain surfaces of the PPLN, which enable SERS to detect low concentrations of molecules. Our previous work has confirmed that AgNP arrays fabricated on LiNbO 3 domain surfaces can effectively detect the multifunctional fusion protein (MBP–GFP–AgBP) absorbed on the AgNPs showing enhanced Raman spectra of the protein [31]. …”

“…A number of studies have shown that silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with nano- and microstructures can be created via photochemical reduction of Ag + to Ag o from an aqueous solution onto the domain surfaces of LiNbO 3 [21, 28–33]. Upon above-bandgap illumination, photochemical deposition occurs on the polarized domains [21, 31–33] and domain boundaries [28, 29] yielding silver nanoparticle micro-surfaces and nanowires, respectively. It has been demonstrated that the variation of deposition location is caused by factors including electric field distribution on LiNbO 3 , illumination wavelength and the ratio of Ag + ion and photon flux [34, 35].…”