Multifunctional Nanoparticles Codelivering Doxorubicin and Amorphous Calcium Carbonate Preloaded with Indocyanine Green for Enhanced Chemo-Photothermal Cancer Therapy

Abstract

Background Multifunctional stimuli-responsive nanoparticles with photothermal-chemotherapy provided a powerful tool for improving the accuracy and efficiency in the treatment of malignant tumors. Methods Herein, photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG)-loaded amorphous calcium-carbonate (ICG@) nanoparticle was prepared by a gas diffusion reaction. Doxorubicin (DOX) and ICG@ were simultaneously encapsulated into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-ss-chondroitin sulfate A (PSC) nanoparticles by a film hydration method. The obtained PSC/ICG@+DOX hybrid nanoparticles were characterized and evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of PSC/ICG@+DOX nanoparticles were analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and MTT assay in 4T1 cells. In vivo antitumor activity of the nanoparticles was evaluated in 4T1-bearing Balb/c mice. Results PSC/ICG@+DOX nanoparticles were nearly spherical in shape by TEM observation, and the diameter was 407 nm determined by DLS. Owing to calcium carbonate and disulfide bond linked copolymer, PSC/ICG@+DOX nanoparticles exhibited pH and reduction-sensitive drug release. Further, PSC/ICG@+DOX nanoparticles showed an effective photothermal effect under near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation, and improved cellular uptake and cytotoxicity in breast cancer 4T1 cells. Importantly, PSC/ICG@+DOX nanoparticles demonstrated the most effective suppression of tumor growth in orthotopic 4T1-bearing mice among the treatment groups. In contrast with single chemotherapy or photothermal therapy, chemo-photothermal treatment by PSC/ICG@+DOX nanoparticles synergistically inhibited the growth of 4T1 cells. Conclusion This study demonstrated that PSC/ICG@+DOX nanoparticles with active targeting and stimuli-sensitivity would be a promising strategy to enhance chemo-photothermal cancer therapy.

A novel polymer enabled by polymerized small molecule strategy for tumor photothermal and photodynamic therapy

“…S5). According to the previous calculation formula [ 31 , 32 ], the PCE of PYT NPs was 67% (Fig. 1 f).…”

A Novel Polymer Enabled by Polymerized Small Molecule Strategy for Tumor Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy

“…To evaluate the photothermal effect of PYT NPs [13], the temperature changes of solutions at various concentrations (10, 30, 50 µg mL − 1 ) were recorded under 808 nm laser irradiation (1.0 W cm − 2 ). As shwon in Fig.…”

Research progress of calcium carbonate nanomaterials in cancer therapy: challenge and opportunity

“…On this basis, drug delivery systems can be designed to combine multiple treatment methods into an intelligent carrier, providing a solution for their potential applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment. As shown in Figure 3A , Yu et al (2023) co-doped CCNM with indocyanine green (IGG) before loading DOX on the surface, then encapsulated them with poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)-ss-chondroitin sulfate A (PSC). This study combines photothermal therapy (PTT) with chemotherapy to treat tumors.…”