“…Microbial EPSs are high-molecular-weight (usually from 10 4 to 10 7 Da) carbohydrate polymers composed of homo- or hetero-monosaccharides, and they play essential roles in biological systems including host–pathogen interactions, cell signaling, receptor–ligand interaction, and biofilm formation . In addition, EPSs have potential applications in many fields, such as food, feed, cosmetics, bioremediation, biomedicine, and green manufacturing industries, , as they are cost-effective, biodegradable, safe, accessible, reusable, and environmentally friendly. To date, new types of valuable EPS species with different functions are continuously being explored for different purposes and applications.…”