Multifunctional Materials in High-Performance OLEDs: Challenges for Solid-State Lighting

Abstract

Recent advances in material chemistry have enabled white organic light-emitting device (OLED) efficacy beyond fluorescent tube efficacy up to 100 lm W−1. In this short review, we explore recent developments of small molecule-based multifunctional materials in high-performance OLEDs, especially blue phosphorescent emitters, host materials, and electron-transporting materials.

Research on flexible display at Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology

“…Generally, OLEDs have been mostly spotlighted candidates for flexible light sources because OLEDs consisted of organic materials and they have outstanding mechanical flexibility compared with inorganic LEDs. [30][31][32] Moreover, they can be fabricated by cost effective solution process such as roll-to-roll process, spin-coating and spray-coating. 33 Following constituent materials of flexible OLEDs, there are four major research issues (substrates, electrodes, light-emissive materials, and encapsulation) to be perfectly developed for practical future applications; flexible substrates, electrodes, lightemissive materials, and encapsulation.…”

Modeling organic electronic materials: bridging length and time scales

“…For OLED materials, typically amorphous materials are desired to prevent exciton quenching. Also mixtures with low volume percentages of well spaced emitters are often desired [4]. For solution processed OPV active layers, a mixture of donor and acceptor materials is preferred [20,21].…”

“…Since these humble beginnings, organic light emitting diodes (OLED) have become commercially available for lighting and are widely used for display applications [4,5]; organic photovoltaics (OPV) have achieved over 10% power efficiency [6,7] and both small molecule and polymer semiconductors have achieved over 1 cm 2 /Vs mobility [8]. The progress represented by these astonishing technological achievements in the use of organic materials for electronic applications has come about as a result of simultaneous major advances in organic materials synthesis, capabilities in organic materials characterisation, and the development of tools for organic materials modeling.…”

Properties of materials for organic light emitting diodes

“…[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Equally important are the morphology, interfacial interactions and thermal stability of organic thin films, which together play a vital role in device performance, longevity and durability. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] In this thesis both the electronic and morphological properties will be explored with a particular emphasis on phosphorescent OLED designs.…”

“…4,26 A typical device consists of organic layers sequentially deposited onto a conducting and transparent substrate (usually indium tin oxide (ITO) on glass). The electrical circuit is completed by a metal cathode deposited atop the organic film (Figure 1.…”