Multifunctional Hydrogel Hybrid‐Gated Organic Photoelectrochemical Transistor for Biosensing

Abstract

Advanced organic bioelectronics enable smooth fusion between modern electronics and biological systems for better physiological monitoring and pathological examinations. Photon-regulated bioelectronics are especially desirable due to the non-contact impact, remote-control, and even selfpowered operation. However, few studies have addressed the advanced photon-enabled organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT) biosensors capable of operation at zero gate bias. Here, on the basis of a hydrogel/graphene oxide hybrid (denoted as HGH), a multifunctional HGH-gated OPECT biosensor is presented, which is exemplified by Ca 2+ -triggered gelation on the CdS quantum dot (QD) photoelectrode linking with a sandwich immunoassay toward human IgG as the model target. Gelation of HGH on the CdS QD gate electrode can not only inhibit the interfacial mass transfer on the gate/ electrolyte interface, but also significantly block the light absorption of CdS QDs, leading to the corresponding change of the channel currents of OPECT device. At zero gate bias, this OPECT biosensor exhibits high gain in response to light and good analytical performance for human IgG with a detection limit of 50 fg mL -1 . Given the numerous intelligent hydrogel materials and their potential interactions with light, this work unveils a general platform for developing a new class of hydrogel-gated OPECT bioelectronics and beyond.

Tuning the Surface Molecular Charge of Organic Photoelectrochemical Transistors with Significantly Improved Signal Resolution: A General Strategy toward Sensitive Bioanalysis

“…As shown in Figure 4c, a high current gain (defined as the ratio of I D-step with respect to I G-step ) of 3 orders of magnitude was obtained. This current gain was similar to that of our earlier reported hydrogel-based OPECT system, 43 which clearly indicated the high operation efficiency of this system and exhibited its capability for amplifying the input current. 49 The I D responses to ATP of different concentrations are shown in Figure 4d, I D enhanced with the increasing ATP concentrations, demonstrating the ATP-controlled of DNA and hence the enhanced de-doping of the channel, as reflected by the increased I D-step .…”

“…As shown in Figure c, a high current gain (defined as the ratio of I D‑step with respect to I G‑step ) of 3 orders of magnitude was obtained. This current gain was similar to that of our earlier reported hydrogel-based OPECT system, which clearly indicated the high operation efficiency of this system and exhibited its capability for amplifying the input current …”

“…In this scenario, we have pioneered the technique of organic photoelectrochemical transistors (OPECTs) based on the fusion between PEC and OECTs . Replacement of the electrical input by light as the fuel could not only principally save the power supply to make the device structurally simplified but also permit the low-background, zero-gate-biased, remote-controlled, and even self-powered operation in a noncontact way. , Our recent studies further indicated the versatility of this methodology to study various light–biomatter interplays toward new opto-logic and immunoassay applications . Despite these progresses, the research in this arena, for example, the operation mechanism, is still quite limited due to its very short development time, and much remains to be explored.…”

“…40,41 Our recent studies further indicated the versatility of this methodology to study various light− biomatter interplays toward new opto-logic 42 and immunoassay applications. 43 Despite these progresses, the research in this arena, for example, the operation mechanism, is still quite limited due to its very short development time, and much remains to be explored.…”

Catalytic Decomposition of the Hole-Derived H2O2 by AgBiS2@Ag Nanozyme to Enhance the Photocurrent of Z-Scheme BiVO4/ZnIn2S4 Photoelectrode in Microfluidic Immunosensing Platform

“…The photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor, which possesses alluring advantages of low background noise, rapid responses, and high sensitivity, has attracted continuously growing scientific interest in the field of bioanalysis, food analysis, and environmental pollutant monitoring. − Nevertheless, the lack of miniaturization and portability extremely limits its application in actual sample testing. , In addition, ultrasensitive and efficient biomarker analysis has great significance for early diagnoses and treatment of disease . Therefore, in this paper, an innovative analytical platform was successfully established, which integrated a microfluidic chip possessing superiorities of less sample consumption, easy integration, and miniaturization with a PEC sensor, and could achieve accurate detection of cytokeratin 19 fragments (CYFRA21–1).…”