Multifunctional 3D-printed bioceramic scaffolds: Recent strategies for osteosarcoma treatment

Abstract

Osteosarcoma is the most prevalent bone malignant tumor in children and teenagers. The bone defect, recurrence, and metastasis after surgery severely affect the life quality of patients. Clinically, bone grafts are implanted. Primary bioceramic scaffolds show a monomodal osteogenesis function. With the advances in three-dimensional printing technology and materials science, while maintaining the osteogenesis ability, scaffolds become more patient-specific and obtain additional anti-tumor ability with functional agents being loaded. Anti-tumor therapies include photothermal, magnetothermal, old and novel chemo-, gas, and photodynamic therapy. These strategies kill tumors through novel mechanisms to treat refractory osteosarcoma due to drug resistance, and some have shown the potential to reverse drug resistance and inhibit metastasis. Therefore, multifunctional three-dimensional printed bioceramic scaffolds hold excellent promise for osteosarcoma treatments. To better understand, we review the background of osteosarcoma, primary 3D-printed bioceramic scaffolds, and different therapies and have a prospect for the future.

Computer-aided design and 3D printing for a stable construction of segmental bone defect model in Beagles: a short term observation

“…Utilization of 3D printing is already involved in numerous clinical situations. At present, 3D printing has successfully been used to construct various personalized medical instruments, as well as tissues and organs for implantation, significantly contributing to the development of the medical industry [ 24 , 25 ]. This report confirmed the feasibility of 3D printed personalized medical instruments in the future of precision medicine.…”

Functional anti-bone tumor biomaterial scaffold: construction and application

“…29 That is, active molecules or coatings are introduced on the surface or internal structure to give the scaffold the ability to generate heat, active oxygen, and directional magnetic fields to accelerate the therapeutic process. 30,31 The following methods are commonly used for the functionalization of biomaterial scaffolds: (1) Surface modification: bioactive molecules (e.g. peptides, proteins, polysaccharides, etc.)…”

Mg alloys with antitumor and anticorrosion properties for orthopedic oncology: A review from mechanisms to application strategies

“… 8–10 However, the drug resistance and serious organ damage of chemotherapy often lead to poor therapeutic effects. 11,12 After tumor resection, extensive bone defects occur, which cannot be repaired by the bone tissue itself. 13 The osteosarcoma cells (OCs) remaining around the bone defects can proliferate over days, leading to the recurrence and metastasis of OS.…”