Multifractal characteristics of the self-assembly material texture of β-Si3N4/SUS316L austenitic stainless steel composites

Development of accurate temperature regulation culture system with metallic culture vessel demonstrates different thermal cytotoxicity in cancer and normal cells

“…In this study, we designed a novel culture system capable of regulating the culture temperature immediately. This invention is largely based on the metallic culture vessel because metallic material has higher thermal conductivity than the materials conventionally used for cell culture scaffolds, such as polystyrene 16 – 19 . Stainless steel (316L) was used for this metallic culture vessel, given its high biocompatibility and processability 20 .…”

Self-assembly process under a solid-state reaction of β-Si3N4/austenitic stainless-steel composites: stirring conditions and material texture

“…Considering the initial arrangement of SN, it was demonstrated that the increase in particle size during powder kneading is advantageous for heat conduction, as described in a previous report. 18 However, the samples prepared at the milling speeds of 60 and 120 r/min exhibited similar particle group areas but significantly different κ values. Moreover, it can be seen that the sample prepared at the milling speed of 150 r/min has a similar particle group area (about 1.38 μm 2 ) to that at 120 r/ min, but a higher κ (increased from 9.5 W m À1 K À1 to 11.5 W m À1 K À1 ).…”

“…Two diffusion processes, specifically the diffusion dissipation process that occurs in the agglomeration-dispersion reaction during the powder agitation mixing of SN ceramics and SUS316L, and the subsequent sintering process that results from the volume diffusion process promoting grain growth, were considered in this study. 18 Thus, even in the solid mixed particle system, the self-assembly process results from the competitive reaction of the agglomeration of particle groups, which is caused by van der Waals forces and dispersion because of shearing force generated by kneading. Therefore, it is considered that differences in the milling speed for the formation of SN agglomerates affect the morphology, distribution, and connectivity of SN particle groups.…”

“…The multifractal characteristics of the self-assembled material texture of the SN/SUS316L composites were obtained by following a previously reported procedure. 18 Assuming that the analysis image can be divided into rsized boxes; N(r) is the number of squares covering the binary group of particles, while N i (r) is the number of points contained in the i-th box, and n(r) is the number of squares including the binary group of particles. At each r value, the q-th moment (for all À∞ < q < + ∞ real numbers) of this probability is given by…”

“…Recently, we reported that the multifractal dimensions D q (q = 0, 1, and 2) are effective for evaluating the morphology, arrangement, and connectivity of dispersed particles in a solid-state reaction. 18 In this study, D q , singularity spectrum f(α), and scaling exponent τ(q) were determined for the microstructure of β-SN/SUS316L composite materials tailored via sintering of the powder mixture, and the relationship between the thermal conductivity and connectivity of the SN particles in the composite was examined. In addition, the usefulness of local parameters α(q) in the multifractal dimension analysis of material textures as an index of the cohesive strength of the particle group was considered.…”