Multifractal analysis of plasma irradiated tungsten alloy samples

Multifractal analysis of high-temperature plasma irradiated tungsten surfaces

“…It has been found that multifractal spectra may vary greatly in the case of the plasma-facing materials (PFM) with a slightly different percentage of dopants irradiated in the conditions [14]. Also, the change of properties of the plasma used for irradiation of the tungsten sample leads to a change of multifractal spectra [27]. While the application of multifractal formalism on the SEM images of plasmairradiated metal samples allows calculating the characteristics of the damaged surface, this cannot consider the effects of the 2D and 3D profiles.…”

“…More details of the box-counting method used for fractal analysis can be found in [27][28][29][30]. Generalized fractal dimension D(q) has a special meaning for some values of q.…”

Comparison of multifractal parameters of surface defects and non-defects

“…With respect to monofractals and non-fractals, the graph D(q) vs q has a small variance, while for multifractals, D(q) usually decreases with a decrease in q, which often occurs sigmoidally before the point q = 0. Details of the application of the MF theory and the box-counting method can be found in the articles of previous studies [36,37].…”

“…from plasma-irradiated surfaces. By using the concept of multifractals, in addition to the usual descriptive methods [20], quantitative values and graphs characterizing the surface damage structures as a whole can be studied [22,[36][37][38]. The box-counting technique can be applied to surfaces of a defected material as well as to the same surfaces of non-defects (without a defected area).…”