Multielemental Characterization of Chicken Breasts from Conventional and Sustainable Farms by Inductively Coupled Plasma – Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) and Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)
“…According to the label, brand A sausage contains soy protein and 61% MSM of chicken meat and skin. The calcium content was determined to be 339 ppm, which is higher than the typical 50–80 ppm in pure meat [ 44 , 45 , 46 ]. This high calcium content suggests the presence of bone material and therefore phosphate ions.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Figure 5 a summarizes the calcium content in the sausage samples. Two conclusions can be drawn: the values are scattered over a wide range, from 122 to 830 ppm, and the values are significantly higher than the calcium content in chicken meat, which is between 50 and 80 ppm [ 44 , 45 , 46 ]. The first obvious explanation is that sausages contain MSM, which is rich in calcium.…”
Mechanically separated meat (MSM) is a by-product of the poultry industry that requires routine quality assessment. Calcium content is an indirect indicator of bone debris in MSM but is difficult to determine by EDTA titration due to the poor solubility of calcium phosphate. Therefore, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane-N,N,N’,N’-tetraacetic acid was used instead, which has two orders of magnitude higher affinity for calcium ions. In addition, the auxiliary complexing agents triethanolamine and Arsenazo III, an indicator that is sensitive to low calcium concentrations, were used. Automatic titration endpoint detection was performed using an immersion probe at 660 nm. It has been shown that the color change in Arsenazo III can also be read with an RGB camera. The CDTA titration procedure has been tested on commercial Bologna-type sausages and the results were in line with AAS and ICP reference data. The content of calcium in sausages turned out to be very diverse and weakly correlated with the content of MSM. The tested MSM samples had a wide range of calcium content: from 62 to 2833 ppm. Calcium-rich poultry by-products include fat and skin (115 to 412 ppm), articular cartilage (1069 to 1704 ppm), and tendons (532 to 34,539 ppm). The CDTA titration procedure is fully suitable for small meat processing plants due to its simplicity of use and low cost.
“…According to the label, brand A sausage contains soy protein and 61% MSM of chicken meat and skin. The calcium content was determined to be 339 ppm, which is higher than the typical 50–80 ppm in pure meat [ 44 , 45 , 46 ]. This high calcium content suggests the presence of bone material and therefore phosphate ions.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Figure 5 a summarizes the calcium content in the sausage samples. Two conclusions can be drawn: the values are scattered over a wide range, from 122 to 830 ppm, and the values are significantly higher than the calcium content in chicken meat, which is between 50 and 80 ppm [ 44 , 45 , 46 ]. The first obvious explanation is that sausages contain MSM, which is rich in calcium.…”
Mechanically separated meat (MSM) is a by-product of the poultry industry that requires routine quality assessment. Calcium content is an indirect indicator of bone debris in MSM but is difficult to determine by EDTA titration due to the poor solubility of calcium phosphate. Therefore, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane-N,N,N’,N’-tetraacetic acid was used instead, which has two orders of magnitude higher affinity for calcium ions. In addition, the auxiliary complexing agents triethanolamine and Arsenazo III, an indicator that is sensitive to low calcium concentrations, were used. Automatic titration endpoint detection was performed using an immersion probe at 660 nm. It has been shown that the color change in Arsenazo III can also be read with an RGB camera. The CDTA titration procedure has been tested on commercial Bologna-type sausages and the results were in line with AAS and ICP reference data. The content of calcium in sausages turned out to be very diverse and weakly correlated with the content of MSM. The tested MSM samples had a wide range of calcium content: from 62 to 2833 ppm. Calcium-rich poultry by-products include fat and skin (115 to 412 ppm), articular cartilage (1069 to 1704 ppm), and tendons (532 to 34,539 ppm). The CDTA titration procedure is fully suitable for small meat processing plants due to its simplicity of use and low cost.
“…As with any food that demands a premium price, adulteration is a possibility. Islam et al 187 measured 21 elements in chicken meat by ICP-MS (As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ga, Li, Mn, Pb, Rb, Se, Sr, V and Zn) and ICP-OES (Ca, K, Mg, Na, P and S), then utilised PCA and LDA modelling to assess whether these tools could discriminate chicken from sustainable sources vs. conventionally grown ones. With analytical methods achieving recoveries of spiked amounts between 95% and 110% for all 21 elements, chemometric analysis by PCA and LDA successfully differentiated the two sample types with a 100% accuracy.…”
Section: Applications: Foods and Beveragesmentioning
This review discusses developments in elemental mass spectrometry, atomic absorption, emission and fluorescence, XRF and LIBS, as applied to the analysis of specimens of clinical interest, foods and beverages. Sample preparation procedures and quality assurance are also included.
“…Análise multielementar e técnicas estatísticas como análise de variância (ANOVA), análise discriminante canônica (CDA), teste de comparação múltipla de Duncan, análise discriminante linear (LDA), análise de componentes principais (PCA) e teste de Tukey têm sido utilizados para avaliar a origem geográfica de carne [30,[73][74][75][76][77]. Estudos sobre a composição mineralógica de carnes têm sido relatados, empregando espectrometria de massas com plasma indutivamente acoplado [77][78][79] e análise por ativação neutrônica instrumental [34]. Técnicas multielementares foram utilizadas para determinar origem geográfica da carne de carneiro [80] e de aves [81], bem como diferenciar sistemas de criação orgânico e convencional de carne de porco [82] e de frango [83].…”
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