Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: latest opinions on epidemiology, rapid diagnosis and management

Abstract

Purpose of review This review addresses the escalating global challenge of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Sub-Saharan Africa, with a focus on its complex comorbidity with HIV/AIDS. Emphasizing the urgency of the issue, the review aims to shed light on the unique healthcare landscape shaped by the convergence of high prevalence rates and intersecting complexities with HIV/AIDS in the region. Recent findings A notable increase in MDR-TB cases across Sub-Saharan Africa is attributed to challenges in timely diagnoses, treatment initiation, and patient treatment defaulting. The literature underscores the critical need for proactive measures to address diagnostic and treatment gaps associated with MDR-TB, particularly concerning its comorbidity with HIV/AIDS. Summary To effectively manage MDR-TB and its co-morbidity with HIV/AIDS, proactive screening programs are imperative. The review highlights the necessity of active follow-up strategies to ensure treatment adherence and reduce default rates, offering evidence-based insights for improved disease management in the region.