Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in UK children: presentation, management and outcome: Table 1–

Williams, Bhanu; Ramroop, Shiva; Shah, Pranav R.; Anderson, Laura; Das, Sreena; Riddell, Anna; Liebeschuetz, Sue; Roy, Robindra Basu; O’Callaghan, María del Mar; Sloper, K S; Bernatoniene, Jolanta; Shingadia, Delane; Kampmann, Beate

doi:10.1183/09031936.00179712

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Surveillance for drug resistance is crucial for prevention and control of drug-resistant TB [ 4 ]. However, children are not usually included in regional and national surveys of drug-resistant TB incidence and prevalence due to the disease's paucibacillary nature; thus data on the burden of drug-resistant TB in children is limited globally [ 5 , 6 ]. In this study, we first incorporated the Xpert assay into our overall strategy for drug survey of childhood TB patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surveillance of drug-resistant TB is crucial to formulate effective interventions to prevent emergence of drug resistance and to effectively prevent TB transmission to the community [ 4 ]. Unfortunately, due to the paucibacillary nature of pediatric TB, children are not usually included in regional and national surveys of drug-resistant TB incidence and prevalence [ 5 , 6 ]. As a consequence, only limited data on the burden of drug-resistant TB in children is available globally [ 5 ], resulting in failures of not only early diagnosis and effective treatment, but also long-term management of drug-resistant TB in this special population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, due to the paucibacillary nature of pediatric TB, children are not usually included in regional and national surveys of drug-resistant TB incidence and prevalence [ 5 , 6 ]. As a consequence, only limited data on the burden of drug-resistant TB in children is available globally [ 5 ], resulting in failures of not only early diagnosis and effective treatment, but also long-term management of drug-resistant TB in this special population. Therefore, to minimize the contribution of childhood TB to future TB disease burden, management of TB in children should urgently focus on control of drug-resistant TB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Feasibility of Xpert MTB/RIF Testing to Detect Rifampicin Resistance among Childhood Tuberculosis for Prevalence Surveys in Northern China

Dong

et al. 2017

BioMed Research International

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Drug resistance surveillance is crucial for control of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). However, limited data exists on the burden of drug-resistant TB in children. The goal of this work was to generate prevalence data regarding rifampicin- (RIF-) resistant childhood TB in northern China and to test the feasibility of Xpert for surveying pediatric TB drug resistance prevalence. We enrolled 362 clinically diagnosed childhood TB patients and collected sputum, gastric lavage aspirate (GLA), bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) samples. Xpert and solid culture were utilized to detect RIF resistance. The detection rate of Xpert-positive TB among new clinically diagnosed TB cases was 38.4% (139/362), significantly higher than that of solid culture-positive TB (16.3%, 59/362, P < 0.01). Notably, Xpert-positive rates differed significantly by sample type, with the highest positive rate for GLA (51.2%). The unit testing costs per RIF-resistant TB patient were $828.41 for solid culture and $761.86 for Xpert. Our data demonstrate that the prevalence of RIF resistance among childhood TB cases in our study (6.9%) is comparable to the national RIF resistance prevalence level of new cases (6.7%). In addition, Xpert is superior to the solid culture for RIF resistance survey in the childhood TB patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Feasibility of Xpert MTB/RIF Testing to Detect Rifampicin Resistance among Childhood Tuberculosis for Prevalence Surveys in Northern China

Dong

et al. 2017

BioMed Research International

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“…Cure and treatment completion was defined as a favourable outcome and treatment failure, death and default were defined as a poor outcome. Finally, in a study among UK children with MDR-TB, in three out of the 17 children evaluated CLR was included in the regimen [70].…”

Section: Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of macrolides for possible use against multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis

et al. 2015

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Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a major global health problem. The loss of susceptibility to an increasing number of drugs behoves us to consider the evaluation of non-traditional anti-tuberculosis drugs.Clarithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, is defined as a group 5 anti-tuberculosis drug by the World Health Organization; however, its role or efficacy in the treatment of MDR-TB is unclear. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to summarise the evidence for the activity of macrolides against MDR-TB, by evaluating in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies. PubMed and Embase were searched for English language articles up to May 2014.Even though high minimum inhibitory concentration values are usually found, suggesting low activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the potential benefits of macrolides are their accumulation in the relevant compartments and cells in the lungs, their immunomodulatory effects and their synergistic activity with other anti-TB drugs.A future perspective may be use of more potent macrolide analogues to enhance the activity of the treatment regimen. @ERSpublications Macrolides deserve more research interest for use against MDR-TB as results appear to be more promising than thought http://ow.ly/LDFjp

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Recommendations for treating children with drug-resistant tuberculosis

Galli

Lancella

Garazzino

et al. 2016

Pharmacological Research

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Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in UK children: presentation, management and outcome: Table 1–

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

The Feasibility of Xpert MTB/RIF Testing to Detect Rifampicin Resistance among Childhood Tuberculosis for Prevalence Surveys in Northern China

The Feasibility of Xpert MTB/RIF Testing to Detect Rifampicin Resistance among Childhood Tuberculosis for Prevalence Surveys in Northern China

Evaluation of macrolides for possible use against multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Recommendations for treating children with drug-resistant tuberculosis

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