Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Port-au-Prince, Haiti

Abstract

Objectives Determine the prevalence of MDR-TB among patients with new smear-positive pulmonary TB in Port au Prince, Haiti Methods Sputum samples were cultured from 1006 patients diagnosed with new tuberculosis in 2008. The core region of the rpoB gene that is associated with resistance to rifampin was sequenced. All isolates with rpoB mutations were sent to the NY State reference laboratory for conventional drug susceptibility testing (DST). All isolates were also tested with the GenoType MTBDRplus line probe assay. Results M.tubercuosis was isolated from 906 patients. 26 (2.9%) of the isolates had mis-sense mutations or deletions in rpoB and were resistant to rifampin by DST. All 26 were also resistant to isoniazid and classified as MDR-TB. 46 control isolates without rpoB mutations were all found to be rifampin-sensitive by DST. The GenoType MTBDRplus line probe assay correctly identified 26 MDR-TB strains. It misclassified 1 pansusceptible isolate as RIF-resistant. Conclusions This study shows an MDR-TB prevalence of 2.9% in newly diagnosed TB patients in Haiti and also suggests that rpoB sequencing or hybridization assays are good screening tools for early detection of MDR-TB.

Drug Resistance Trends and Patterns of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Isolates from Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Turkey

“…We found the lowest MDR rate in the age group of 15 -24 years. Similarly, in the previous studies the lowest MDR rate was reported in the younger age groups (in the 10 -19 and 15 -24 age groups) [13] [14]. Presumably, the reason of the low MDR rate in the younger age is the more new TB cases in this age group.…”

“…Another factor is higher number of males than females with tuberculosis. However, some studies reported no difference for the rate of MDR TB with respect to gender [13] [14].…”

Treatment Outcomes for Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Post-Earthquake Port-au-Prince, Haiti

“…5 No national survey of MDR-TB prevalence has been conducted yet in Haiti, but a study conducted in 2008 in 1,000 patients in the West Department, where roughly one-half of all TB cases occur, estimated the prevalence of MDR-TB among newly diagnosed cases of TB at 2.9%. 6 The WHO estimates national MDR-TB prevalence at 2.2% among new cases or 14% in those receiving category II retreatment regimens. 5 HIVpositive patients in Haiti have also been found to have a higher prevalence of MDR-TB.…”

CD4 deficit and tuberculosis risk persist with delayed antiretroviral therapy: 5-year data from CIPRA HT-001

“…Samples underwent culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis using the BACTEC MGIT 960 system (BD, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA). 19 Tuberculosis definitions Incident TB was the primary clinical end-point. Participants with symptoms suggestive of TB were screened using CXR and three sputum samples for AFB smear and mycobacterial culture.…”