Multidrug resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa in contemporary medical practice: findings from urinary isolates at a Nigerian university teaching hospital

Abstract

Summary: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacterium that is often encountered in urinary tract infection (UTI) worldwide and has shown varied antibiotic susceptibility patterns. This study was therefore designed to ascertain the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the organism in Jos. Data on antimicrobial susceptibility of P. aeruginosa generated from urine samples by the Microbiology laboratory of Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH) was compiled for a period of three years (July 2001-June 2004. Additional information was obtained from the records department of the hospital. Samples were collected, stored and processed using standard laboratory procedures. The rate of isolation of P. aeruginosa from urine samples was found to be 4.6% (n=127) from 12,458 samples. From male population 34% (n=43) were isolated and 66% (n=84) were recovered from females population with a significant (P < 0.05) gender difference. All the 100% isolates of P. aeruginosa were resistant to penicillin, cloxacillin, tetracycline, nitrofurantoin and nalidixic acid. While 67% were sensitive to augmentin, sensitivity to ofloxacin was 92%, ciprofloxacin 92% and cefuroxime (86%). The resistance pattern of P. aeruginosa from urine against antibiotics was extremely high. Prophylactic antibiotic medication against UTI should be carefully weighed against this undesirable possible outcome (resistance). Susceptibility testing should be adopted as a basic routine laboratory procedure in hospitals and clinics in order to guide appropriately on the right choice of antibiotics. Finally, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and cefuroxime should be considered on isolation of P. aeruginosa from UTI, especially in the absence of a sensitivity report as well as for prophylactic options.

Prevalence of Multiple Antibiotics Resistant (MAR) Pseudomonas Species in the Final Effluents of Three Municipal Wastewater Treatment Facilities in South Africa

“…[11] suggested that this inhibitory action may explain the salutary effects of the macrolides on P. aeruginosa -associated chronic lung diseases, such as cystic fibrosis and diffuse panbronchiolitis. Contrary to the observation of this study, several reports have been documented on Pseudomonas resistance to clindamycin [57,58] and nitrofurantoin [58,59,60]. Whereas the tested isolates in this study exhibited intermediate sensitivity to the tetracyclines (tetracycline (40%), minocycline (60%)), nalidixic acid (70%), ampicillin/sulbactam (50%) and chloramphenicol (50%); reports in the literature suggests that Pseudomonas species were frequently resistant to these antibiotics [59,60,61,62].…”

“…However, Jombo et al . [59] reported sensitivity to chloramphenicol by P. aeruginosa strains isolated from urinary tract infection patients in Jos, Nigeria; while Lateef [52] observed Pseudomonal sensitivity to tetracyline in isolates from pharmaceutical effluents.…”

A study on the antimicrobial resistant patterns of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa isolated from raw milk samples in and around Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh.

“…Antidrug profile of P.aeroginosa was represented in Table-3. Similar to the present investigations, Jombo et al(2008), Tamil et al(2011), Gonuigur et al(2003. Okon et al(2009), Gedamu et al(2014 and Hajira et al(2015) have reported 100% resistance to ampicillin by the isolate of P.aeruginosa; on the contrary only 45.4% of the resistance to ampicillin was shown by the isolates of Garba et al(2012).…”

Spectrum of non-fermenting gram negative bacilli isolated from patients with blood stream infections in a tertiary care hospital in North India

“…This is in concordance with reports of other authors where MDR in P. aeruginosa has been reported. [23][24] S. maltophilia showed 100% susceptibility for ciprofloxacin and cotrimoxazole but was completely resistant to imipenem, amikacin and most of the other drugs. S. maltophilia is intrinsically resistant to most βlactams, including carbapenems.…”