Multidisciplinary Understanding of the Urban Heating Problem and Mitigation: A Conceptual Framework for Urban Planning

Lee, SangHyeok; Kim, Donghyun

doi:10.3390/ijerph191610249

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…The indicators of open public spaces and urban density also demonstrate significant dependence and influential potential, contributing to their effectiveness (Ahmad et al, 2019). Open public spaces play a crucial role in mitigating or reducing the intensity of SUHI by creating ventilation spaces and facilitating wind flow (Lee and Kim, 2022). An increase in density, marked by taller buildings, reduces the height-to-width ratios of streets to buildings and reduces vegetation coverage, correlated with heightened magnitudes of SUHIs (Chapman et al, 2018).…”

Section: Interpretation Of the Map Of Indicators' Typologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A conceptual framework to mitigate the adverse effects of surface urban heat islands through urban acupuncture: a two-phase scenario of diagnosis and prescription at the neighborhood scale

Moussavi A.,

Lak,

Tabrizi

2024

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Rising temperatures, a major global environmental challenge, negatively impact health, the environment, society, and the economy. Surface Urban Heat Islands (SUHI), exacerbated by urbanization and climate change, intensify vulnerabilities for urban areas and residents. Urban planning and design aime to reduce these vulnerabilities through large-scale and small-scale interventions. However, addressing the significance of the capillary effects resulting from small-scale interventions and bottom-up community engagement is important. Urban acupuncture (UA) is an emerging approach in contemporary urban planning and design that focuses on small-scale interventions to mitigate the effects of SUHIs at the community level. This study develops a framework for mitigating the impacts of SUHIs through UA implementation in urban design. The proposed framework consists of two key phases: diagnosis and prescription. During the diagnosis phase, we analyzed heat-vulnerable points to identify indicators contributing to the development and exacerbation of the SUHIs. Then, we employed the Matrix of Cross Impact Multiplications Applied to a Classification (MICMAC) technique to comprehensively assess 75 influential indicators related to urban structure across various aspects and scales, focusing on the mesoscale. Among them, 30 leading indicators were identified, of which environmental and morphological indicators emerged as significant catalysts. Moving on to the prescription phase, we developed a UA-based framework called the “5 Wh Question” which addresses five fundamental questions: why, who, what, how, and where. Our findings can provide comprehensive solutions for policymakers and urban planners to address the identified heat-vulnerable points.

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Section: Interpretation Of the Map Of Indicators' Typologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A conceptual framework to mitigate the adverse effects of surface urban heat islands through urban acupuncture: a two-phase scenario of diagnosis and prescription at the neighborhood scale

Moussavi A.,

Lak,

Tabrizi

2024

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…Their studies mainly include the following three aspects: (1) exploring surface temperature's spatial distribution characteristics in established high-density communities [3], (2) analyzing the influence of spatial morphological parameters on the land surface temperature [4], and (3) proposing planning measures to mitigate the urban heat island effect. Based on determining the mechanism of urban spatial morphological parameters' influence on thermal environments, this study explores feasible solutions for optimizing the thermal environment regarding planning and implementation [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Optimization of Thermal Environment in Old Urban Areas from the Perspective of “Function–Form” Differentiation

2023

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High-density urban areas have spatial characteristics, such as complex functions, population gathering, and complex forms, that lead to more severe urban heat island effects. Systematically evaluating the thermal environmental benefits of urban spatial forms to optimize the urban physical environment is important. In this study, Tianjin’s central urban area, which is a typical representative of high-density urban areas, was selected to invert the multi-period land surface temperature by relying on the existing two- and three-dimensional morphological data set of communities. The multi-scale geographically weighted regression model was used to fit the regression relationship between the urban land surface temperature and spatial morphological parameters. From this, the influencing factors of different types of existing community spaces and their spatial stabilities were explored. The results show the following: (1) The summer surface temperature varies greatly in the central urban area, and the high-temperature areas are mainly distributed in the industrial, residential, and commercial districts. (2) The MGWR model has the better model-fitting ability. The positive influence coefficients of temperature include ISP and BD, while the negative influence coefficients are BSD, BH, NDVI, and SVF. (3) There is significant spatial heterogeneity in the impact coefficients among the blocks that can be targeted to mitigate the heat island effect. This study provides ideas for optimizing the spatial morphological parameters of surface temperature in urban centers. Future challenges include increasing the spatial morphological parameter selection range, dissecting the interactive relationships between spatial morphological parameters and their effectiveness on the surface temperature, and refining the study’s spatial and temporal granularity.

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“…Urban green spaces, for instance, mitigate the urban heat island effect and potentially reduce heatwave-related mortality rates. Studies have shown that increasing urban greenery can lower local temperatures by up to 5°C, 4 significantly impacting heatwave-induced mortality, which can rise by 7.9% with every 1°C increase in temperature. 5 Furthermore, these green spaces provide essential areas for physical activity and mental health improvement, contributing to the overall well-being of urban residents.…”

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confidence: 99%

Inaction in Urban Climate Policy Undermines Health

Allam,

Soomauroo

2024

Environ�Health�Insights

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This paper investigates the critical intersection of urban climate policy and public health, emphasizing the pressing need for integrated strategies to address the intertwined challenges of climate change and health in urban settings. Despite cities being central to global emissions and energy consumption, a significant gap exists in the incorporation of health considerations into urban climate strategies, as evidenced by the analysis of urban content in Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). The paper highlights the Coalition for High Ambition Multilevel Partnerships (CHAMP) initiative and the forthcoming Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report as pivotal moments for integrating climate and health agendas. However, it also points out the underwhelming response from cities in adopting comprehensive climate strategies, which undermines potential public health benefits. With substantial investments required to bridge the gap in health-focused climate resilience, the paper calls for a redefined approach to urban climate policy. This approach should prioritize health outcomes, leverage opportunities like the 15-Minute City concept, and foster the development of infrastructures that support both climate resilience and public health. The upcoming NDC revision cycle is identified as a critical opportunity for embedding health imperatives into urban climate strategies, emphasizing the need for a holistic perspective that views urban areas as ecosystems where climate and health are intricately connected. This comprehensive view aims to promote policies that are mutually reinforcing, thus contributing to healthier, more livable cities.

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Multidisciplinary Understanding of the Urban Heating Problem and Mitigation: A Conceptual Framework for Urban Planning

Cited by 4 publications

References 159 publications

A conceptual framework to mitigate the adverse effects of surface urban heat islands through urban acupuncture: a two-phase scenario of diagnosis and prescription at the neighborhood scale

A conceptual framework to mitigate the adverse effects of surface urban heat islands through urban acupuncture: a two-phase scenario of diagnosis and prescription at the neighborhood scale

Analysis and Optimization of Thermal Environment in Old Urban Areas from the Perspective of “Function–Form” Differentiation

Inaction in Urban Climate Policy Undermines Health

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