Multidisciplinary Optimization of turbomachinary based on metamodel built by Genetic Programming

Structurally Constrained Aerodynamic Adjoint Optimisation of Highly Loaded Compressor Blades

“…In-depth analysis of previous optimisations studies conducted on this test case were documented in [2] and [3]. The authors show the wide range of methods explored in the literature, evolving from simple, single-objective, unconstrained optimisation problems with only three design parameters [4] to multi-objective [5], constrained [5][6][7], higher number of variables [7] optimisation methods.…”

“…The optimisation methods used vary with the evolution of optimisation algorithms in general, and cover both high and low fidelity analyses. This includes evolutionary algorithms [5], metamodeling approaches [6,7] or, more recently, adjointbased methods [8]. Most of the blade parametrisations were done using either engineering parameters or camber and thickness distribution [5][6][7][8], with some work being done using free-form deformation [2,9].…”

“…This includes evolutionary algorithms [5], metamodeling approaches [6,7] or, more recently, adjointbased methods [8]. Most of the blade parametrisations were done using either engineering parameters or camber and thickness distribution [5][6][7][8], with some work being done using free-form deformation [2,9]. The large variety of optimisation methods and number of optimisation parameters also results in a great variety of incurred computational costs.…”

“…From the early work in the filed it was clear that an unconstrained optimisation leads to solutions with increased efficiency but decreased rotor pressure ratios [4]. Therefore, further efforts focused on constraining the pressure ratio [6][7][8]. However, most of the constraints were purely aerodynamic, referring either to the pressure ratio or mass flow rate.…”

“…Yet some of these studies [5,7] showed that purely aerodynamic optimisations resulted in highly leant geometries, which would most likely be mechanically unacceptable. To mitigate this, efforts were made by some authors towards a multidisciplinary approach, by introducing the structural mechanics discipline as a constraint, either in the form of maximum stress [6] or minimum thickness [9]. This resulted in an optimised shape of the blades having lower efficiency, but with no damaging impact on the structural integrity.…”