1990
DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8309.1990.tb00905.x
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Multidimensionality and the measurement of gender role attributes: A comment on Archer

Abstract: This paper examines how the conceptual and psychometric limitations of gender role attribute questionnaires weaken Archer's (1989) contention that correlational analyses demonstrate the orthogonality of gender role attributes, attitudes, and behaviours. An examination of two popular attribute questionnaires (the PAQ and the BSRI) shows that masculinity and femininity are conceptually and operationally defined as instrumentality and expressivity, respectively. This restricted definition means that, although the… Show more

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Cited by 33 publications
(23 citation statements)
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References 9 publications
(12 reference statements)
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“…Wade conceptualized male identity in terms of "male reference group identity dependence," defined as the extent to which males are dependent on a reference group for their gender role self-concept. The gender role self-concept is one's self-concept with regard to gender roles and includes one's gender-related attributes, attitudes, and behaviors (McCreary 1990). There are three male reference group identity dependence statuses characterized by a man's feelings of psychological relatedness to other men.…”
Section: Male Identitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Wade conceptualized male identity in terms of "male reference group identity dependence," defined as the extent to which males are dependent on a reference group for their gender role self-concept. The gender role self-concept is one's self-concept with regard to gender roles and includes one's gender-related attributes, attitudes, and behaviors (McCreary 1990). There are three male reference group identity dependence statuses characterized by a man's feelings of psychological relatedness to other men.…”
Section: Male Identitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Despite the fact that the androgyny model encouraged thinking beyond that which was stereotypically masculine or feminine, it still primarily, albeit inadvertently, predisposed individuals to perceive certain traits as masculine or feminine by labeling them as such. Several researchers (e.g., Antill, Cunningham, Russell, & Thompson, 1981;Lewin, 1984b;McCreary, 1990) have commented on the irony inherent in our conceptualization of androgyny as dichotomous masculinity and femininity and have suggested that it is better not to categorize in the first place. Lewin (1984b) argued eloquently that "nothing productive is accomplished when psychologists first classify traits as either masculine or feminine and then are forced to add hastily 'but of course men are also feminine and women are also masculine'" (p. 197).…”
Section: The Androgyny Model's Legacymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Esta limitación de conceptos supone reducir las generalizaciones sobre las características de rol de género, destacando la adscripción del sujeto a características instrumental-asertivas y expresivo-interpersonales. Por todo esto, el inventario de Bem, más que un examen general de la orientación de rol sexual, supone la situación del sujeto en la noción normativizada de instrumentalidad-expresividad (Archer, 1989;McCreary, 1990;Spence y Helmreich, 1980). Además, existen pruebas empíricas de que la forma reducida del BSRI presenta una gran relación con otros instrumentos que miden el comportamiento expresivo e instrumental (Holmbeck y Bale, 1988).…”
Section: Bsri: Masculinidad -Feminidad Vs Instrumentalidad -Expresivunclassified
“…Aún así, en diversas investigaciones, han resultado ser distintas las autodescripciones dadas cuando se han fijado roles sociales concretos y las descripciones generales de características de personalidad de género (Daley y Rosenzweig, 1988;Rosenzweig y Daley, 1991). Por ejemplo, McCreary (1990), en un trabajo con un grupo de alumnos y otro de adultos, muestra cómo la percepción de las características de rol va cambiando en función de la participación en tres tipos de actividades vinculadas a distintas etapas del ciclo vital (trabajo, paternidad, jubilación). Uleman y Weston (1986), en la misma línea, destacan que, cuando se les pregunta en su rol de padres, las madres se definen como más expresivas e instrumentales y los padres como menos instrumentales; de forma similar, cuando se hace saliente el rol de alumno, tanto la expresividad como la instrumentalidad decrecen entre los alumnos, mientras que en el rol de pareja muestran mayor expresividad.…”
Section: Identidad De Género Y Contextounclassified
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