“…[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] Light provides high spatio-temporal resolution to control the functions of such surfaces without a direct contact. This is achieved by photoisomerization,coupling or -cleavage through chemical bond breakage/ formation, 20,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] or addition of photo-switchable molecules such as azobenzene, [49][50][51][52][53][54][55] spiropyran, [56][57][58] dithienylethene, 59,60 and molecular shuttles. [61][62][63] Such photo-switchable modifications can be switched between multiple molecular states via light irradiation.…”