Multidimensional poverty in Afghanistan: who are the poorest of the poor?

Trani, Jean-François; Kuhlberg, Jill; Cannings, Timothy I.; Chakkal, Dilbal

doi:10.1080/13600818.2016.1160042

Cited by 40 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Afghanistan, yet the country faces many challenges: only 46% of people have access to safe drinking water and 92% do not have access to adequate sanitation. 19 In addition, while Afghanistan has had a long history of invasion and war, in recent years the country has seen an increase in violence and conflict 20 leaving many Afghans now internally displaced in various parts of the country. Drug use remains a major health and economic problem for Afghans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong Families: A new family skills training programme for challenged and humanitarian settings: a single-arm intervention tested in Afghanistan

Haar¹,

El-Khani²,

Molgaard

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background Children living in challenged humanitarian settings (rural/underserved areas, displaced, refugees, conflict/post conflict) are at greater risk of mental health difficulties or behavioural problems, with caregivers acting as their main protective factors. While many family skills programmes exist, very few were developed for, or piloted in, low resource settings (settings with limited infrastructure). We designed the brief and light Strong Families (SF) programme, consisting of 5 hours contact time over 3 weeks. We conducted a pilot study aiming to test the feasibility of implementation, and preliminary effectiveness of SF, in improving child behaviour and family functioning in Afghanistan. Methods We recruited female caregivers and children aged 8-12 years through schools and drug treatment centres and enrolled them in the SF programme. Demographic data, emotional and behavioural difficulties of children and parental skills and family adjustment measures were collected from caregivers before, 2 and 6 weeks after the intervention. Outcome was assessed through the SDQ (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire), assessing children’s behavioural, emotional, and social issues, and PAFAS (Parenting and Family Adjustment Scales), measuring parenting practices and family functioning. Results We enrolled 72 families in the programme with a 93.1% retention rate (n=67) for data collection 6 weeks post intervention. Mean age of caregivers was 36.1 years, they had 3.8 children on average and 91.7% of them had experienced war/armed conflict in their past. The average total difficulty score of the SDQ (ranging from 0 to 40, with scores above 16 being indicative of high problems) of the 72 children reduced significantly, from 17.8 at pre-test to 12.9 at post-test and 10.6 at second follow-up, with no difference in gender and most noticeably amongst those with the highest scores at baseline. Likewise, PAFAS scores decreased significantly after the programme, again with caregivers with the highest scores at baseline improving most. Conclusions The implementation of a brief family skills programme was seemingly effective and feasible in a resource-limited setting and positively improved child mental health and parenting practices and family adjustment skills. These results suggest the value of such a programme and call for validation through further impact assessment and outcome evaluation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong Families: A new family skills training programme for challenged and humanitarian settings: a single-arm intervention tested in Afghanistan

Haar¹,

El-Khani²,

Molgaard

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It showed that disability is not rare and is associated with lower educational attainment, lower employment rates, and limited access to health services. Some recent research in LMICs has consistently found that disability is associated with a higher likelihood of experiencing simultaneous multiple deprivations (multidimensional poverty) (Hanass-Hancock and McKensie 2017; Mitra et al 2013;Trani and Cunning 2013;Trani et al 2015Trani et al , 2016. In contrast, some research using traditional poverty indicators (consumption expenditures and asset ownership) paints a mixed picture (Filmer 2008;Mitra et al 2013;Trani and Loeb 2010).…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Introduction

Mitra¹

2017

Disability, Health and Human Development

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In low-income countries, there has been very little research on disability and its link to deprivations. Much of the research is recent, and research using traditional poverty indicators (e.g., consumption expenditures) paints an unclear picture on the association between disability and deprivations. This is important as the prevalence of health conditions and impairments is expected to rise with an increasing life expectancy and as more policies try to address deprivations in relation to disability. This book asks the following: How should disability be defined to analyze and inform policies related to wellbeing? What is the prevalence of functional difficulties? What inequalities are associated with functional difficulties? What are the economic consequences of functional difficulties? The empirical work is focused on Ethiopia, Malawi, Tanzania, and Uganda.

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“…It has been used by other scholars on a variety of issues including the philosophical grounding of human rights in relation to disability (Venkatapuram 2014), the evaluation of disability-related policies (e.g. Díaz Ruiz et al 2015), the challenges that need to be addressed for education to be disability-inclusive (Mutanga and Walker 2015) and comparative assessments of wellbeing across disability status (Mitra et al 2013;Trani and Cunning 2013;Trani et al 2015Trani et al , 2016.…”

Section: The Capability Approach and Disabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Human Development Model of Disability, Health and Wellbeing

Mitra

2017

Disability, Health and Human Development

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This chapter sets the conceptual framework for the book. It introduces a new model, the human development model of disability, health and wellbeing, based on Amartya Sen's capability approach. Disability is defined as a deprivation in terms of functioning and/or capability among persons with health conditions and/or impairments. The human development model highlights in relation to wellbeing the roles of resources, conversion functions, agency, and it uses capabilities and/or functionings as metric for wellbeing. It does not consider impairments/health conditions as individual characteristics; instead, they are themselves determined by resources, structural factors, and personal characteristics, and thus the model is informed by the socioeconomic determinants of health literature. This chapter also compares the human development model to the main disability models used in the literature. Keywords Disability model • Capability approach • Human development model • ICF • Medical model • Social model JEL I1 • I3 • O15 The notion of disability is enigmatic, even confusing. The term itself 'disability' has negative connotations, which is no surprise given the prefix 'dis' meaning 'absence' or 'negation'. Beyond the everyday semantic CHAPTER 2

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Multidimensional poverty in Afghanistan: who are the poorest of the poor?

Cited by 40 publications

References 54 publications

Strong Families: A new family skills training programme for challenged and humanitarian settings: a single-arm intervention tested in Afghanistan

Strong Families: A new family skills training programme for challenged and humanitarian settings: a single-arm intervention tested in Afghanistan

Introduction

The Human Development Model of Disability, Health and Wellbeing

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