Multidiameter optical ring and Hermite–Gaussian vortices for wavelength division multiplexing–mode division multiplexing

Abstract

Abstract. Optical vortices are high-capacity data carriers for mode division multiplexing (MDM) in multimode fiber (MMF). This paper reports on the MDM of a combination of helical-phased optical vortices comprising donut modes and Hermite-Gaussian (HG) modes for different radial offsets from the MMF axis. A data rate of 44 Gbps is achieved for wavelength division multiplexing-MDM of two pairs of helical-phased donut mode and HG mode at wavelengths 1550.12 and 1551.72 nm for a MMF length of 1500 m.

Spatial-Light-Modulator-Based Multichannel Data Transmission by Vortex Beams of Various Orders

“…MDM is based on maintaining the orthogonality of optical modes when passing through optical media and systems [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ], which provides a simple way to demultiplex information that corresponds to different mode channels based on matched filters [ 16 , 28 , 40 , 41 ]. MDM-based information encoding in a physical medium is easily accomplished using diffractive optics.…”

Detection of double orbital angular momentum modes in monochromic dynamic bi-orbital angular momentum multiplexing by ptychography

“…(5) described, i.e., calculating the intensities of the two modes and summing them pixel by pixel. The basis of this operation is an assumption that the OAM modes are mutually incoherent for the OAM multiplexing and should be applied in combination with other multiplexing technologies, [2][3][4][5] which proves an absence of interface among OAM modes.…”

“…1 Because the mode index l can be an unlimited integer value in theory and a beam carrying an OAM mode cannot be created from a linear combination of beams carrying other OAM modes, OAM affords a new physical dimension or a new degree of freedom for data transfer. [2][3][4][5] For example, an enormous information channel capacity can be achieved via OAM encoding, OAM modulation, and OAM division multiplexing. In these applications, OAM beams are generated by techniques that use a spiral phase plate, phase hologram, fiber-based devices, photonic integrated devices, and metamaterials.…”

“…The mutual incoherence means distinct modes will be preserved and no crosstalk occurs between them when they travel mixed. It can be guaranteed by polarization multiplexing, 2 optical fiber guided mode multiplexing, 3,4 wavelength division multiplexing, 5 or time-division multiplexing. 25 When this beam irradiates an object, the object responds to individual OAM beams uniformly at the same time since a single wavelength is used.…”

Mitigation of Atmospheric Turbulences Using Mode Division Multiplexing based on Decision Feedback Equalizer for Free Space Optics

“…Furthermore, the FSO guarantees increasing the capacity by using mode division multiplexing (MDM) technology. MDM is a promising technology [9][10][11] used to transmit the optical signal or light beams in form of modes such as Laguerre-Gaussian mode [12,13], Hermite-Gaussian (HG) mode [14,15], helical-phase mode [16,1718], spot mode, and donut mode [14,16,19] through the transmission channel that leads to expand the capacity . This technology has been used over optical fibre and FSO, where it successfully achieved increasing the data capacity.…”