Multicomponent and multifunctional integrated miniature soft robots

Xia, Neng; Zhu, Guangda; Wang, Xin; Dong, Yue; Zhang, Li

doi:10.1039/d2sm00891b

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 206 publications

(328 reference statements)

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“…[41] The progress in microelectronics over the past few years has brought to life highly integrated remotely powered microscopic robotic systems with onboard digital control and integrated actuators. [45,46] Microrobots have begun to swim, walk, and carry out useful tasks both in vivo and in the environment. [47,48] Spanning 3D space like voxels, [49] these modules can self-evolve, accomplishing defined tasks while adapting to environmental changes.…”

Section: Figure 1 Characterization Of Various Modular Functional Tech...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microelectronic Morphogenesis: Smart Materials with Electronics Assembling into Artificial Organisms

McCaskill,

Karnaushenko,

Zhu

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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Microelectronic morphogenesis is the creation and maintenance of complex functional structures by microelectronic information within shape‐changing materials. Only recently has in‐built information technology begun to be used to reshape materials and their functions in three dimensions to form smart microdevices and microrobots. Electronic information that controls morphology is inheritable like its biological counterpart, genetic information, and is set to open new vistas of technology leading to artificial organisms when coupled with modular design and self‐assembly that can make reversible microscopic electrical connections. Three core capabilities of cells in organisms, self‐maintenance (homeostatic metabolism utilizing free energy), self‐containment (distinguishing self from nonself), and self‐reproduction (cell division with inherited properties), once well out of reach for technology, are now within the grasp of information‐directed materials. Construction‐aware electronics can be used to proof‐read and initiate game‐changing error correction in microelectronic self‐assembly. Furthermore, noncontact communication and electronically supported learning enable one to implement guided self‐assembly and enhance functionality. Here, the fundamental breakthroughs that have opened the pathway to this prospective path are reviewed, the extent and way in which the core properties of life can be addressed are analyzed, and the potential and indeed necessity of such technology for sustainable high technology in society is discussed.

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Section: Figure 1 Characterization Of Various Modular Functional Tech...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microelectronic Morphogenesis: Smart Materials with Electronics Assembling into Artificial Organisms

McCaskill,

Karnaushenko,

Zhu

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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“…However, this also brings opportunities in the innovation from materials, design, and manufacturing to applications. 242,243 In 2016, the Nelson group developed a magnetic soft micromachine by origami-inspired self-assembly 244 (Fig. 10B).…”

Section: Soft Robotics-based Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-/nanoscale robotics for chemical and biological sensing

2023

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“…[5] Moreover, the stored energy decreases dramatically as the size reduces, making energy storage devices still a challenge for microrobots and microsystems. [6][7][8] A notable recent achievement is the use of a 3D selfassembly process at the microscale, also known as micro-origami, to self-fold thin-film batteries into micro-Swiss-roll devices less than one square millimeter across but that offer high energy density. [4,9,10] However, the lack of solid or quasi-solid electrolytes still denies the integration of micro-Swiss-roll energy storage devices into tiny systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Dual‐Function Micro‐Swiss‐Roll Device: High‐Power Supercapacitor and Biomolecule Probe

Ferro

Merces

Hong-mei

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Technologies

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Tiny autonomous systems less than 1 mm across need small energy storage to satisfy the demand for temporary pulse power and consistent power supply. A battery or supercapacitor alone cannot meet both requirements. Integration of battery and supercapacitor is an alternative, but it introduces a device (supercapacitor) that is not frequently invoked but requires substantial space. Herein, a submillimeter (0.42 mm2) high‐power supercapacitor with an additional function, namely, an on‐chip integrated probe for biomolecule detection is created. The dual‐function device is directly used in the liquid electrolyte, and its Swiss‐roll geometry allows for operation in a minimum 12‐nL electrolyte. The micro‐Swiss‐roll supercapacitor delivers a power density of 911 mW cm−2 and displays a 98% capacitance retention over 10 000 cycles. The biomolecule probe achieves a sensitivity of 230–262 µA mm−1 with a limit of detection of 0.4–0.5 × 10−3 m for the proof‐of‐concept target, the neurotransmitter dopamine. The biomolecule probe achieves a 230–262 µA mm−1 sensitivity with a limit of detection of 0.4–0.5 × 10−3 m for the proof‐of‐concept target, the neurotransmitter dopamine, along with selectivity in the presence of ascorbic acid. The independent dual function provides a promising route toward the full‐time use of dust‐sized supercapacitors integrated into submillimeter functional systems.

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Multicomponent and multifunctional integrated miniature soft robots

Abstract: Miniature soft robots with elaborate structures and programmable physical properties could conduct micromanipulation with high precision as well as access confined and tortuous spaces, which promise benefits in medical tasks...

Cited by 11 publications

References 206 publications

Microelectronic Morphogenesis: Smart Materials with Electronics Assembling into Artificial Organisms

Microelectronic Morphogenesis: Smart Materials with Electronics Assembling into Artificial Organisms

Micro-/nanoscale robotics for chemical and biological sensing

A Dual‐Function Micro‐Swiss‐Roll Device: High‐Power Supercapacitor and Biomolecule Probe

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