Multicompartmental traumatic injury and the microbiome: Shift to a pathobiome

Munley, Jennifer A.; Kelly, Lauren; Pons, Erick E; Kannan, Kolenkode B.; Coldwell, Preston S.; Whitley, Elizabeth M.; Gillies, Gwendolyn S.; Efron, Philip A.; Nagpal, Ravinder; Mohr, Alicia M.

doi:10.1097/ta.0000000000003803

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The gut microbiome will be measured as per our previously described methods (4,12,(23)(24)(25)(26)(27). Briefly, genomic DNA from 200 mg of the fecal specimen was extracted using the QIAmp PowerFecal Pro DNA Kit (Qiagen) according to the manufacturer's instructions.…”

Section: Gut Microbiome Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Prebiotic mechanisms of resistant starches from dietary beans and pulses on gut microbiome and metabolic health in a humanized murine model of aging

et al. 2023

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Dietary pulses, being a rich source of fiber and proteins, offer an ideal and inexpensive food choice for older adults to promote gut and metabolic health. However, the prebiotic effects of dietary pulses-derived resistant starches (RS), compared to RS from cereals and tubers, remain relatively underexplored, particularly in context to their gut modulatory potential in old age. We herein investigate the prebiotic effects of pulses-derived RS on the gut microbiome and intestinal health in aged (60-week old) mice colonized with human microbiota. C57B6/J mice were fed for 20 weeks with either a western-style high-fat diet (control; CTL) or CTL diet supplemented (5% w/w) with RS from pinto beans (PTB), black-eyed-peas (BEP), lentils (LEN), chickpeas (CKP), or inulin (INU; reference control). We find that the RS supplementation modulates gut microbiome in a sex-dependent manner. For instance, CKP enriched α-diversity only in females, while β-diversity deviated for both sexes. Further, different RS groups exhibited distinct microbiome differences at bacterial phyla and genera levels. Notably, LEN fostered Firmicutes and depleted Proteobacteria abundance, whereas Bacteroidota was promoted by CKP and INU. Genus Dubosiella increased dominantly in males for all groups except PTB, whilst Faecalibaculum decreased in females by CKP and INU groups. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) and correlational analyzes reveal RS-mediated upregulation of key bacterial genera associated with short-chain fatty acids (butyrate) production and suppression of specific pathobionts. Subsequent machine-learning analysis validate decreased abundance of notorious genera, namely, Enterococcus, Odoribacter, Desulfovibrio, Alistipes and Erysipelatoclostridium among RS groups. CKP and LEN groups partly protected males against post-prandial glycemia. Importantly, RS ameliorated high-fat diet-induced gut hyperpermeability and enhanced expression of tight-junction proteins (claudin-1 and claudin-4), which were more pronounced for LEN. In addition, IL10 upregulation was more prominent for LEN, while TNF-α was downregulated by LEN, CKP, and INU. Together, these findings demonstrate that RS supplementation beneficially modulates the gut microbiome with a reduction in gut leakiness and inflammation, indicating their prebiotic potential for functional food and nutritional applications.

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Section: Gut Microbiome Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Prebiotic mechanisms of resistant starches from dietary beans and pulses on gut microbiome and metabolic health in a humanized murine model of aging

et al. 2023

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“…Histological slides of terminal ileum and descending colon were analyzed by a blinded veterinary pathologist and scored for injury similar to previously described; each category was graded from 0 (no injury) to 4 (severe changes) (see Tables in Supplemental Digital Content 3, http://links.lww.com/TA/C899, and 4, http://links.lww.com/TA/C900). 24 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microbiome profiles were analyzed per our previously described methods 24,30 . Briefly, genomic DNA was extracted from fecal samples and quantified using a nanodrop spectrophotometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microbiome profiles were analyzed per our previously described methods. 24,30 Briefly, genomic DNA was extracted from fecal samples and quantified using a nanodrop spectrophotometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA). The V4 hypervariable region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was amplified using the barcoded universal primers (515F/806R).…”

Section: Microbiome Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rodents were randomly assigned to the following cohorts (n = 8/group): naïve; multicompartmental injury (PT); and multicompartmental injury plus daily restraint stress (PT/CS) similar to previously described. 24 A total of 56 rats were enrolled in the study: 48 assigned to groups (eight males and eight females per cohort) and 8 as donors for pseudofracture. Based on a power analysis, assuming greater than 80% incidence in control rats at baseline, a 30% change would require a minimum of eight rats per group.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multicompartmental traumatic injury induces sex-specific alterations in the gut microbiome

Munley

Kelly

Park

et al. 2023

J Trauma Acute Care Surg

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Trauma-toxicology: concepts, causes, complications

Barth,

Worek,

Steinritz

et al. 2023

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol

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Trauma and toxic substances are connected in several aspects. On the one hand, toxic substances can be the reason for traumatic injuries in the context of accidental or violent and criminal circumstances. Examples for the first scenario is the release of toxic gases, chemicals, and particles during house fires, and for the second scenario, the use of chemical or biological weapons in the context of terroristic activities. Toxic substances can cause or enhance severe, life-threatening trauma, as described in this review for various chemical warfare, by inducing a tissue trauma accompanied by break down of important barriers in the body, such as the blood-air or the blood-gut barriers. This in turn initiates a “vicious circle” as the contribution of inflammatory responses to the traumatic damage enhances the macro- and micro-barrier breakdown and often results in fatal outcome. The development of sophisticated methods for detection and identification of toxic substances as well as the special treatment of the intoxicated trauma patient is summarized in this review. Moreover, some highly toxic substances, such as the protein toxins from the pathogenic bacterium Clostridioides (C.) difficile, cause severe post-traumatic complications which significantly worsens the outcome of hospitalized patients, in particular in multiply injured trauma patients. Therefore, novel pharmacological options for the treatment of such patients are necessarily needed and one promising strategy might be the neutralization of the toxins that cause the disease. This review summarizes recent findings on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of toxic chemicals and bacterial toxins that contribute to barrier breakdown in the human body as wells pharmacological options for treatment, in particular in the context of intoxicated trauma patients. “trauma-toxicology” comprises concepts regrading basic research, development of novel pharmacological/therapeutic options and clinical aspects in the complex interplay and “vicious circle” of severe tissue trauma, barrier breakdown, pathogen and toxin exposure, tissue damage, and subsequent clinical complications.

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Multicompartmental traumatic injury and the microbiome: Shift to a pathobiome

Abstract: Severe trauma in a rodent model shifts the microbiome to a pathobiome characterized by decreased diversity and an overabundance of pathogenic organisms. These findings persist in chronic stress and may influence outcomes after multicompartmental trauma.

Cited by 9 publications

References 52 publications

Prebiotic mechanisms of resistant starches from dietary beans and pulses on gut microbiome and metabolic health in a humanized murine model of aging

Prebiotic mechanisms of resistant starches from dietary beans and pulses on gut microbiome and metabolic health in a humanized murine model of aging

Multicompartmental traumatic injury induces sex-specific alterations in the gut microbiome

Trauma-toxicology: concepts, causes, complications

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