Multibiomarker assessment in zebrafish Danio rerio after the effects of malathion and chlorpyrifos

Multiple Molecular and Biochemical Alterations in Zebrafish Exposed to Terbuthylazine and Malathion

“…Both malathion and terbuthylazine, in the form of its metabolite, 2hydroxyterbuthylazine, have lipophilic properties and, therefore, can enter organisms by passive diffusion and then assemble inside the mitochondrial matrix due to the difference in charge between the matrix and the cytoplasm. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, which are expected to be generated in the response to pesticides, can obviously damage the electron transport chain, affect membrane permeability, and cause mutations in mitochondrial DNA (Bodnar et al 2021;Falfushynska et al 2022;Reddam et al 2022). The last event is the riskiest, in view of the fact that compared to the nucleus, mitochondria have a lower potential for DNA repair (Phillips et al 2014).…”

“…Although only 146 items are included in the PAN-EU list of chemicals that cause endocrine disruption, many more pesticides have been reported to induce developmental toxicity, trigger reproductive behavioral changes, and modify sex hormone levels even at low occupational concentrations. To illustrate, goldfish (Carassius auratus) and guppies (Poecilia sphenops) exposed to triazine pesticides, namely atrazine and simazine, as well as catfish, zebrafish, and rainbow trout exposed to chlorpyrifos and malathion, showed higher levels of estrogen production, aromatase activity, together with disrupted steroid hormone metabolism and vitellogenesis (Spano et al 2004;Vasanth et al 2015;Bodnar et al 2021;De Anna et al 2021;Mishra et al 2021;Falfushynska et al 2022).…”

Molecular and Biochemical Evidence of the Toxic Effects of Terbuthylazine and Malathion in Zebrafish

“…As in humans, a compound should enter an organism, overcome metabolic processes and cross the blood–brain barriers of zebrafish to affect it. There are numerous findings that assume oxidative stress signs, inflammation, disturbances in neural and immune systems, as well as disruption in hormonal pathways in zebrafish after pesticide exposure [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Furthermore, zebrafish have an inherent integrative conserved physiology and possess all the main organs and physiological systems of humans, which may not be obvious at first glance.…”

Прояви Окисного Стресу Та Метаболічних Порушень У Danio Rerio За Дії Фосфоорганічних Пестицидів

“…Варто зауважити, що Україна входить до двадцятки країн світу з найбільшим використанням пестицидів [4,15]. Тому виникає потреба в систематичних дослідженнях та аналізі впливу цих хімічних сполук та продуктів їх біотрансформації на процеси життєдіяльності гідробіонтів, що дозволить розширити та оптимізувати методи збереження біорізноманіття й підтримання продуктивності водних систем на належному рівні [3,4,26].…”