Multiagent-Based Distributed State of Charge Balancing Control for Distributed Energy Storage Units in AC Microgrids

Li, Chendan; Coelho, E.A.A.; Dragičević, Tomislav; Guerrero, Josep M.; Vasquez, Juan C.

doi:10.1109/tia.2016.2645888

Cited by 132 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(14 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…As a result, it is important to maintain that level when EVs are operating in the decentralised mode. According to [36], the SOC of a battery is a function of time and output current of the battery i.e. SOC n = f (t, i n Batt ).…”

Section: Need-based Distributed Coordination Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Need-Based Distributed Coordination Strategy for EV Storages in a Commercial Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid With an Improved Interlinking Converter Control Topology

Rahman

Hossain

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Energy Convers.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents a need-based distributed coordination strategy (NDCS) for multiple electric vehicle (EV) storages in an islanded commercial hybrid alternating-current (AC)/direct-current (DC) microgrid. The control capacity of the interlinking converter is enhanced by incorporating combined power-droop and voltage-droop strategies to leverage the coupling of AC and DC voltages. Therefore, the AC bus voltage can be regulated simultaneously by regulating only the DC bus voltage without affecting the power-sharing capabilities of the converter. The NDCS is proposed to coordinate the EV storages to regulate the DC bus voltage. The main objective of the NDCS is to decide whether the coordination of the available EV storages is to be done in a decentralised or a distributed manner. The mathematical model and the algorithm to deploy NDCS are developed to realise its application to a real system. The effectiveness of the control system is verified in a commercial hybrid AC/DC microgrid comprising one photovoltaic (PV) unit and four EV storages directly connected to the DC bus via DC/DC converters and four distributed-generation (DG) units connected to the AC bus using the conventional droop-control scheme. The performance of both controllers is tested under variable irradiation, commercial loading and various fault conditions. The results of the case studies demonstrate the efficacy of the overall system in terms of robustness for a variable generation-demand scenario, time delay, EV plug-and-play and fault conditions.

show abstract

Section: Need-based Distributed Coordination Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Need-Based Distributed Coordination Strategy for EV Storages in a Commercial Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid With an Improved Interlinking Converter Control Topology

Rahman

Hossain

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Energy Convers.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This problem is also observed in the microgrid or wind farm systems with multiple BESSs that are operated independently. Several studies have addressed the issue of SOC imbalance in the independent BESSs [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. The SOC of the BESSs is unbalanced due to the difference of wind power output, initial SOC, capacities of BESSs, and line impedances [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to deal with the unbalanced SOC problem, several control strategies for SOC balancing have been introduced [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. The SOC-based droop control strategies of the converter have been used widely to achieve proper power sharing and SOC balancing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the use of the centralized controller for SOC balancing might reduce the system reliability since all converters rely on the centralized controller [20]. The SOC balancing controllers based on decentralized control or distributed control have been proposed recently to improve the problem of SOC imbalance and enhance the system reliability [21,22]. In reference [21], a multi-agent based SOC balancing control was discussed, while in reference [22], the SOC balancing control was achieved by using coordinated secondary control to adjust virtual impedance loops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Consensus-Based SOC Balancing of Battery Energy Storage Systems in Wind Farm

Nguyen

Yoo

et al. 2018

Energies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Multiple battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are used to compensate for the fluctuation in wind generations effectively. The stage of charge (SOC) of BESSs might be unbalanced due to the difference of wind speed, initial SOCs, line impedances and capabilities of BESSs, which have a negative impact on the operation of the wind farm. This paper proposes a distributed control of the wind energy conversion system (WECS) based on dynamic average consensus algorithm to balance the SOC of the BESSs in a wind farm. There are three controllers in the WECS with integrated BESS, including a machine-side controller (MSC), the grid-side controller (GSC) and battery-side controller (BSC). The MSC regulates the generator speed to capture maximum wind power. Since the BSC maintains the DC link voltage of the back-to-back (BTB) converter that is used in the WECS, an improved virtual synchronous generator (VSG) based on consensus algorithm is used for the GSC to control the output power of the WECS. The functionalities of the improved VSG are designed to compensate for the wind power fluctuation and imbalance of SOC among BESSs. The average value of SOCs obtained by the dynamic consensus algorithm is used to adjust the wind power output for balancing the SOC of batteries. With the proposed controller, the fluctuation in the output power of wind generation is reduced, and the SOCs of BESSs are maintained equally. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is validated through the simulation by using a MATLAB/Simulink environment.

show abstract

“…With rapid development of EV, battery cell balancing has attracted much attention. Researches on battery balancing mainly include balancing methods [4,5,6,7,8], strategies [9,10,11,12] and control algorithms [13,14,15,16]. Related reviews can be found in [17,18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A highly-integrated and efficient commercial distributed EV battery balancing system

Chen

Jun

Zheng

et al. 2018

IEICE Electron. Express

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper focuses on the imbalance problem of serial cells in lithium-ion batteries applied in electric vehicles (EVs). In order to meet more strict requirements of size, efficiency, cost, and reliability in commercial application, a highly-integrated and efficient distributed battery balancing system is developed. In the system, each balancing node (BN) and its controller, a designed specific integrated circuit (IC), are independent, distributed and integrated in an IC-packaged module. Besides, a 50% stateof-charge (SOC)-aligned balancing strategy is proposed and applied. The experiment and commercial application results show the designed balancing system performs excellently in improving battery capacity and extending cycle life.

show abstract

Multiagent-Based Distributed State of Charge Balancing Control for Distributed Energy Storage Units in AC Microgrids

Cited by 132 publications

References 21 publications

A Need-Based Distributed Coordination Strategy for EV Storages in a Commercial Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid With an Improved Interlinking Converter Control Topology

A Need-Based Distributed Coordination Strategy for EV Storages in a Commercial Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid With an Improved Interlinking Converter Control Topology

Consensus-Based SOC Balancing of Battery Energy Storage Systems in Wind Farm

A highly-integrated and efficient commercial distributed EV battery balancing system

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About