Multi-year levels and trends of non-methane hydrocarbon concentrations observed in ambient air in France

Waked, Antoine; Sauvage, S.; Borbon, A.; Gauduin, Julie; Pallares, Carlos; Vagnot, Marie-Pierre; Léonardis, T.; Locoge, N.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.06.059

Cited by 35 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Such monitoring actually receives little incentive at the international level (e.g., Bellassem and Stephan, 2015), but it has been an active topic for scientific research. Some studies have been based on measurement campaigns dedicated to specific sectors, such as air-composition measurements in road tunnels for traffic emissions (e.g., Touaty and Bonsang, 2000;Ammoura et al, 2014), or in ambient air for power plants (Zhang and Schreifels, 2011), waste water treatment plants (Yoshida et al, 2014;Yver-Kwok et al, 2015) or for the overall city-scale emissions Turnbull et al, 2011Turnbull et al, , 2015Xueref-Remy et al, 2016). Measurements made in the ambient air are affected by dilution in the atmospheric boundary layer, but this effect is cancelled out for mole fraction ratios between the considered species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploiting stagnant conditions to derive robust emission ratio estimates for CO2, CO and volatile organic compounds in Paris

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We propose an approach to estimate urban emission ratios that takes advantage of the enhanced local urban signal in the atmosphere at low wind speed. We apply it to estimate monthly ratios between CO 2 , CO and some VOCs from several atmospheric concentration measurement datasets acquired in the centre of Paris between 2010 and 2014. We find that this approach is not very sensitive to the regional background level definition and that, in the case of Paris, it samples all days (weekdays and weekends) and all hours of the day evenly. A large seasonal variability of the CO / CO 2 ratio in Paris is shown, with a difference of around 60 % between the extreme values and a strong anti-correlation (r 2 = 0.75) with atmospheric temperature. The comparison of the ratios obtained for two short measurement campaigns conducted in two different districts and two different periods (autumn and winter) shows differences ranging from −120 to +63 %. A comparison with a highly resolved regional emission inventory suggests some spatial variations of the ratio within the city.Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploiting stagnant conditions to derive robust emission ratio estimates for CO2, CO and volatile organic compounds in Paris

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is suitable for non-normally distributed data and censored data which are not influenced by abnormal values (Yue and Pilon, 2004;Sharma et al, 2016;Yue and Wang, 2004;Gao and Shi, 2016;Zhao et al, 2015). Recently, the MK test has also been used in trend analysis for the time series of atmospheric chemicals, such as persistent organic pollutants, surface ozone (O 3 ), and non-methane hydrocarbon (Zhao et al, 2015;Assareh et al, 2016;Waked et al, 2016;Sicard et al, 2016). Here the MK test was used to identify the temporal variability and step change point of SO 2 VCD for 2005-2015 which may be associated with the implementation of the national strategy and regulation in energy industry development and emission control during this period.…”

Section: Trends and Step Changementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As Fioletov et al (2016) noted, the PCA-retrieved SO 2 VCD was virtually derived by using an AMF of 0.36, which is best applicable in the summertime in the eastern United States. Wang (2014) suggested adopting AMF ≈ 0.57 in the estimate of SO 2 VCD distribution in eastern China. In the present study, we have taken the AMF values in China provided by Fioletov et al (2016) to adjust OMI-measured VCD in the estimation of the SO 2 emissions of the main point sources in northwestern China.…”

Section: Satellite Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MK test is a nonparametric statistical test (Mann, 1945;Kendall and Charles, 1975) that is useful for assessing the significance of trends in time series data (Waked et al, 2016;Fathian et al, 2016). The MK test is often used to detect a step change point in the long-term trend of a time series dataset (Moraes et al, 1998;Li et al, 2016;Zhao et al, 2015).…”

Section: Trends and Step Changementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

OMI-measured increasing SO2 emissions due to energy industry expansion and relocation in northwestern China

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The rapid growth of economy makes China the largest energy consumer and sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) emitter in the world. In this study, we estimated the trends and step changes in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) vertical column density (VCD) of SO 2 from 2005 to 2015 over China measured by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). We show that these trends and step change years coincide with the effective date and period of the national strategy for energy development and relocation in northwestern China and the regulations in the reduction of SO 2 emissions. Under the national regulations for the reduction of SO 2 emissions in eastern and southern China, SO 2 VCD in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) of southern China exhibited the largest decline during 2005-2015 at a rate of −7 % yr −1 , followed by the North China Plain (NCP) (−6.7 % yr −1 ), Sichuan Basin (−6.3 % yr −1 ), and Yangtze River Delta (YRD) (−6 % yr −1 ). The Mann-Kendall (MK) test reveals the step change points of declining SO 2 VCD in 2009 for the PRD and 2012-2013 for eastern China responding to the implementation of SO 2 control regulation in these regions. In contrast, the MK test and regression analysis also revealed increasing trends of SO 2 VCD in northwestern China, particularly for several "hot spots" featured by growing SO 2 VCD in those large-scale energy industry bases in northwestern China. The enhanced SO 2 VCD is potentially attributable to increasing SO 2 emissions due to the development of large-scale energy industry bases in energy-abundant northwestern China under the national strategy for the energy safety of China in the 21st century. We show that these largescale energy industry bases could overwhelm the trends and changes in provincial total SO 2 emissions in northwestern China and contribute increasingly to the national total SO 2 emissions in China. Given that northwestern China is more ecologically fragile and uniquely susceptible to atmospheric pollution than the rest of China, increasing SO 2 emissions in this part of China should not be overlooked and merit scientific research.

show abstract

“…In addition, some anthropogenic NMHCs (e.g., benzene and 1,3-butadiene) have been verified to be toxic, carcinogenic, or mutagenic (US EPA, 2008;Møller et al, 2008). Due to the negative impact of NMHCs on the atmospheric environment as well as human health, atmospheric NMHC measurements have been conducted worldwide in many urban areas (Shirai et al, 2007;Gaimoz et al, 2011;Waked et al, 2016), and the results revealed that NMHCs made a remarkable contribution to atmospheric O 3 and SOA in most cities and the cancer risk of benzene even exceeded the value of 1.0 × 10 −6 in some cities (Zhou et al, 2011;Du et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The levels, variation characteristics, and sources of atmospheric non-methane hydrocarbon compounds during wintertime in Beijing, China

Liu

et al. 2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Atmospheric non-methane hydrocarbon compounds (NMHCs) were measured at a sampling site in Beijing city from 15 December 2015 to 14 January 2016 to recognize their pollution levels, variation characteristics, and sources. We quantified 53 NMHCs, and the proportions of alkanes, alkenes, acetylene, and aromatics to the total NMHCs were 49. 8-55.8, 21.5-24.7, 13.5-15.9, and 9.3-10.7 %, respectively. The variation trends in the NMHC concentrations were basically identical and exhibited remarkable fluctuation, which was mainly ascribed to the variation in meteorological conditions, especially wind speed. The diurnal variations in NMHCs on clear days exhibited two peaks during the morning and evening rush hours, whereas the rush hours' peaks diminished or even disappeared on the haze days, implying that the relative contribution of the vehicular emissions to atmospheric NMHCs depended on the pollution status. Two evident peaks of the propane / propene ratios appeared in the early morning before sun rise and at noontime on clear days, whereas only one peak occurred in the afternoon during the haze days, which were attributed to the relatively fast reactions of propene with OH, NO 3 , and O 3 . Based on the chemical kinetic equations, the daytime OH concentrations were calculated to be in the range of 3.47 × 10 5 -1.04 × 10 6 molecules cm −3 on clear days and 6.42×10 5 -2.35×10 6 molecules cm −3 on haze days. The nighttime NO 3 concentrations were calculated to be in the range of 2.82 × 10 9 -4.86 × 10 9 molecules cm −3 on clear days. The correlation coefficients of typical hydrocarbon pairs (benzene / toluene, o-xylene / m,p-xylene, isopentane / n-pentane, etc.) revealed that vehicular emissions and coal combustion were important sources for atmospheric NMHCs in Beijing during the wintertime. Five major emission sources for atmospheric NMHCs in Beijing during the wintertime were further identified by positive matrix factorization (PMF), including gasoline-related emissions (gasoline exhaust and evaporation), coal combustion, diesel exhaust, acetylene-related emissions, and consumer and household products. Coal combustion (probably domestic coal combustion) was found to make the greatest contribution (29.6-33.4 %) to atmospheric NMHCs during haze days.

show abstract

Multi-year levels and trends of non-methane hydrocarbon concentrations observed in ambient air in France

Cited by 35 publications

References 50 publications

Exploiting stagnant conditions to derive robust emission ratio estimates for CO<sub>2</sub>, CO and volatile organic compounds in Paris

Exploiting stagnant conditions to derive robust emission ratio estimates for CO<sub>2</sub>, CO and volatile organic compounds in Paris

OMI-measured increasing SO<sub>2</sub> emissions due to energy industry expansion and relocation in northwestern China

The levels, variation characteristics, and sources of atmospheric non-methane hydrocarbon compounds during wintertime in Beijing, China

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Multi-year levels and trends of non-methane hydrocarbon concentrations observed in ambient air in France

Cited by 35 publications

References 50 publications

Exploiting stagnant conditions to derive robust emission ratio estimates for CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, CO and volatile organic compounds in Paris

Exploiting stagnant conditions to derive robust emission ratio estimates for CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, CO and volatile organic compounds in Paris

OMI-measured increasing SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emissions due to energy industry expansion and relocation in northwestern China

The levels, variation characteristics, and sources of atmospheric non-methane hydrocarbon compounds during wintertime in Beijing, China

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Exploiting stagnant conditions to derive robust emission ratio estimates for CO<sub>2</sub>, CO and volatile organic compounds in Paris

Exploiting stagnant conditions to derive robust emission ratio estimates for CO<sub>2</sub>, CO and volatile organic compounds in Paris

OMI-measured increasing SO<sub>2</sub> emissions due to energy industry expansion and relocation in northwestern China