Multi-wavelength search for quasi-periodic oscillations in BL Lac 4FGL J0112.1+2245

Gong, Yunlu; Yi, Ting-Feng; Yang, Xing; Li, H. Z.; Chang, Xiaoping; P., Chen, J.; H., Chen, Z.

doi:10.1007/s10509-021-04039-w

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…In multiwavelength bands, the similarity of low-and high-energy periodic modulation (∼2 yr) in PG 1553+113 has been reported by Ackermann et al (2015). The possible QPOs of Mrk 421, BL Lacertae, 3C 454.3, CTA 102, PMN J0948+0022, S5 0716+714, and J0112.1+2245 in multiband frequencies are also widely studied, although most of the modulation is not similar at different frequencies (Li et al 2016;Sarkar et al 2020;Zhang et al 2017a;Sandrinelli et al 2017;Sarkar et al 2021;Gong et al 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Quasiperiodic Behavior in the γ-Ray Light Curve of the Blazar PKS 0405-385

Gong

Zhou

Yuan

et al. 2022

ApJ

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We analyze the quasiperiodic oscillation (QPO) of the historical light curve of flat-spectrum radio quasars PKS 0405-385 detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope from 2008 August to 2021 November. To identify and determine the QPO signal of PKS 0405-385 in the γ-ray light curve, we use four time series analysis techniques based on frequency and time domains, i.e., the Lomb–Scargle periodogram (LSP), the weighted wavelet z-transform (WWZ), the REDFIT, and the epoch folding. The results show that PKS 0405-385 has a quasiperiodic behavior of ∼2.8 yr with the significance of ∼4.3σ in Fermi long-term monitoring. Remarkably, we also performed QPO analysis in the G-band light curve observed from 2014 October to 2021 October using LSP and WWZ technology, and the results (∼4σ of significance) are consistent with the periodic detection in γ-ray. This may imply that the optical emission is radiated by an electron population in the same way as the γ-ray emission. In discussing the possible mechanism of quasiperiodic behavior, either the helical motion within a jet or the supermassive black hole binary system provides a viable explanation for the QPO of 2.8 yr, and the relevant parameters have been estimated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Quasiperiodic Behavior in the γ-Ray Light Curve of the Blazar PKS 0405-385

Gong

Zhou

Yuan

et al. 2022

ApJ

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“…We search for possible QPO features of the flares in the plateau of GRB 180620A. Considering that the angular velocity (Ω p ) of the magnetar precession should evolve with time, we adopt the weighted wavelet Z-transform (WWZ) (Foster 1996;Gong et al 2022) to make time-frequency domain analysis for searching possible QPO signatures in the lightcurve. The analysis result is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Evolution of a Newborn Magnetar with Strong Precession Motion in GRB 180620A

Zou,

Liang

2022

Preprint

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The observed early X-ray plateau in the afterglow lightcurves of some gammaray bursts (GRBs) is attributed to the dipole radiations (DRs) of a newborn magnetar. A quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) signal in the plateau would be strong evidence of the magnetar precession motion. By making a timefrequency domain analysis for the X-ray afterglow lightcurve of GRB 180620A, we find a QPO signal of ∼ 650 seconds in its early X-ray plateau. We fit the lightcurve with a magnetar precession model by adopting the Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm. The observed lightcurve and the QPO signal are well represented with our model. The derived magnetic field strength of the magnetar is B p = (1.02 +0.59 −0.61 ) × 10 15 G. It rapidly spins down with angular velocity evolving as Ω s ∝ (1 + t/τ sd ) −0.96 , where τ sd = 9430 s. Its precession velocity evolution is even faster than Ω s , i.e. Ω p ∝ (1 + t/τ p ) −2.18±0.11 , where τ p = 2239 ± 206 s. The inferred braking index is n = 2.04. We argue that the extra energy loss via the magnetospheric processes results in its rapid spin-down, a low braking index of the magnetar, and the strong precession motion.

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“…For the year-like QPOs, the physical mechanism was mostly attributed to pulsating accretion flow instability, which produces precession or helical jets, a homogeneous curved helical jet scenario, and Lense-Thirring precession of the flow; Keplerian binary orbital motion would induce periodic accretion perturbations (Ackermann et al 2015). Several cases were reported, such as PG 1553+113, PKS 0426-380, PKS 0301-243, PKS 2155-304, PKS 0537-441, PMN J0948+0022, OJ 287, PKS 0601-70, PKS 0521-36, 4FGL J0112.1+2245 (Ackermann et al 2015Zhang et al 2017aZhang et al , 2017cZhang et al , 2017dZhang et al , 2017e, 2020Kushwaha et al 2020;Gong et al 2022). For the month-like QPOs, the physical mechanism is mainly attributed to the helical structure in the jet (Zhou et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 31.3 day Transient Quasiperiodic Oscillation in Gamma-ray Emission from Blazar S5 0716+714

Chen

Gong

et al. 2022

ApJ

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We systematically search for quasiperiodic oscillatory (QPO) signals on the month timescale among the 1525 sources given in the Fermi Large Area Telescope Light Curve Repository. We find a transient QPO of 31.3 ± 1.8 days in the gamma-ray band light curve of the TeV blazar S5 0716+714, which has seven cycles (MJD 55918–56137) for the first time by weighted wavelet Z-transform and Lomb–Scargle periodogram methods. Monte Carlo simulations based on the power spectral density and probability distribution function were used to evaluate the confidence level of the QPO, and the result is ∼4.1σ. Seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average modeling of the light curve revealed it is a significant physical QPO. The physical models to explain the sporadic month-timescale QPOs in the blazar were discussed. Our studies indicate that the helical jet model and blob move helically in a curved jet model to properly explain this kind of transient QPO.

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Multi-wavelength search for quasi-periodic oscillations in BL Lac 4FGL J0112.1+2245

Cited by 4 publications

References 61 publications

Quasiperiodic Behavior in the γ-Ray Light Curve of the Blazar PKS 0405-385

Quasiperiodic Behavior in the γ-Ray Light Curve of the Blazar PKS 0405-385

Early Evolution of a Newborn Magnetar with Strong Precession Motion in GRB 180620A

A 31.3 day Transient Quasiperiodic Oscillation in Gamma-ray Emission from Blazar S5 0716+714

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