“…When human errors and unforeseeable disruptions caused by natural disasters occur, the standard daily operational procedures will be affected. The literature covering the cruise procurement process employs conventional supply chain perspectives dealing with the unique attributes of cruising, namely the intensity of interactions during a cruise ship turn and single-sourcing for a whole cruise ( Erkoc, Iakovou, & Spaulding, 2005 ; Véronneau et al, 2015 ; Zhang, Song, & Huang, 2009 ). There are, however, aspects of cruise supply chains that differ significantly from the convention.…”