Multi-stage keyhole evolution in fiber laser welding: An experimental study and theoretical analysis

Guo, Shihui; Zou, Jianglin; Xu, Jingwei; Wu, Qiang; Xiao, Rongshi

doi:10.1016/j.rinp.2021.104943

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…1008 ± 77 mm) in presence of fused quartz plate. These results are in agreement with the observations reported by Guo et al [26], who found higher penetrations of the laser-induced drilling at steel/ GG17 glass interfaces compared to steel/steel combination, with conservation of global dynamics of drilling.…”

Section: The Comparison Between the 316l/316l And The 316l/quartz Com...supporting

confidence: 93%

In-situ study of keyhole behavior during a laser pulse applied to the dissimilar metal joint

Tomashchuk

Duband

Jouvard

2023

Metall. Res. Technol.

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In the present study, the method of frontal observation of the keyhole through the fused quartz window is applied to the dissimilar combinations between stainless steel 316L and different metals chosen to illustrate four typical cases of mismatch in physical properties: a much lower vaporization temperature (316L/magnesium alloy AZ31), a much higher vaporization temperature (316L/pure niobium), a more reflective and conductive metal (316L/aluminum alloy A5754) and an extremely reflective metal (316L/pure copper). A standalone Yb:YAG laser pulse was applied to the dissimilar couple/quartz and metal/quartz joints. Each of these cases was studied using image treatment of the obtained high-speed videos and post-mortem observation of the interaction zone. Basing on the analysis of the physical properties of the metals and their interdependencies, the first criterion of keyhole development in the dissimilar joint is proposed. It is concluded that in case of Yb:YAG laser welding of stainless steel with metals having thermal conductivity ≤200 W · m−1 · K−1, the keyhole development is dominant in the metal having lower vaporization temperature, while for the 316L combinations with the metals having thermal conductivity >200 W · m−1 · K−1, the keyhole development remains dominant on the 316L side, but its progression is slowed down by the neighboring metal.

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Section: The Comparison Between the 316l/316l And The 316l/quartz Com...supporting

confidence: 93%

In-situ study of keyhole behavior during a laser pulse applied to the dissimilar metal joint

Tomashchuk

Duband

Jouvard

2023

Metall. Res. Technol.

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“…The model was resolved with COMSOL Multiphysics software and the study used a Hermit-Gaussian function as a continuous mode (CW) heat source of 300 W and a moving speed of 120 mm/min. Guo et al (2021) presented a theoretical analysis of keyhole welding, in which the authors considered the geometrical relationship that can be obtained with the ratio of the radius of curvature at the gas-liquid interface and the radius of the laser beam. Furthermore, Giudice et al (2021) developed an analytical model of a parameterized moving linear heat source to determine the temperature field during the laser welding process.…”

Section: Frontiers In Mechanical Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulations and mathematical models in laser welding: a review based on physics and heat source models

Jiménez-Xamán,

Hernández-Hernández,

Tariq

et al. 2024

Front. Mech. Eng.

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The dominant phenomenon in laser welding processes is heat transfer by conduction, making it crucial to gain insights into energy distribution within the heat-affected region, including the melt pool. Thermal analysis enables the description of thermo-mechanical, metallurgical aspects, and also addresses studies related to fluid flow and energy transfer. As research in welding processes has advanced, these models have evolved. This is why it is now efficient to use computational modeling techniques as it allows us to analyze the behavior of laser welding during the process. This underlines the importance of this work which has carried out an exhaustive theoretical literature review with the objective of classifying and describing the numerical simulations of laser welding based on the physics involved. In that sense, the mathematical models and strategies used in laser welding are explored in a general way. Therefore, two types of laser welding by conduction and deep penetration are defined from this point and they are categorized according to the phenomena involved in Model Heat Conduction and Model Integral Multiphysics. This comprehensive review article serves as a valuable resource for higher education students by providing a structured and detailed exploration of laser welding and its mathematical modeling. By classifying and describing numerical simulations based on the physics involved, it offers a framework for students to understand the complexities of this field. Additionally, this innovative approach to organizing and presenting research contributes to educational innovation by facilitating a more efficient and effective learning experience, helping students acquire the knowledge and research skills necessary for advancements in the laser welding domain.

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“…Lasers are non-contact devices that enable high-level (automated) production, and are thus commonly used to fabricate automobile parts [11][12][13][14]. Laser welding creates a melt that is narrower and deeper than that of other forms of welding; deformation is minimal and welding is very e cient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The heat-affected zone is small, and material mechanical properties are minimally degraded. Thus, lasers are widely used to join thin metals and precision parts [11,[15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Laser Beam Modulation Effect on Aluminum and Copper Welding

Choi

Choi²

2022

Preprint

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Theoretical and experimental study is conducted to characterize the welding of copper and aluminum at various heat input distributions. Optimal heat inputs and methodologies were derived by analyzing weld cross-sections and tensile strengths as well as computer simulations. To compare the results of weld quality, 3 cases of welding schedules were analyzed. A computer simulation was conducted by using multi-physics finite element analysis to explore heat flows. The inputs were the heat parameters, the welding speeds, the boundary conditions, and the material properties. The laser-beam power was assumed as Gaussian distribution and various shape factors were compared. A comparison of Cases 1, 2 and 3 revealed non-linear relationship between the welding strengths of the low and high heat-input areas. In Case 1, the center-beam output was fixed at 800 W and the ring-beam output was 1,600W–3,000 W. The results showed that higher heat input resulted in better welding strength. In Case 2, the center-beam output was changed in 50W steps from 900 to 1,250 W while the ring-beam output was fixed at 500 W. The heat input was relatively small, but the welding strength remained excellent. In Case 3, the laser output was fixed at 1,100 W and 600 W for center and ring, respectively and the entire beam was repeatedly rotated. The result showed that welding strength varied when the heat input remained constant which lead us to the fact that beam modulation ensures weld reliability.

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Multi-stage keyhole evolution in fiber laser welding: An experimental study and theoretical analysis

Cited by 16 publications

References 25 publications

In-situ study of keyhole behavior during a laser pulse applied to the dissimilar metal joint

In-situ study of keyhole behavior during a laser pulse applied to the dissimilar metal joint

Numerical simulations and mathematical models in laser welding: a review based on physics and heat source models

Analysis of Laser Beam Modulation Effect on Aluminum and Copper Welding

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