Multi-response optimization of transesterification reaction for biodiesel production from castor oil assisted by hydrodynamic cavitation

Thakkar, Kartikkumar; Kachhwaha, Surendra Singh; Kodgire, Pravin

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121907

Cited by 28 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Reaction temperature, acyl-acceptor concentration, catalyst concentration, and reaction time have been reported to be the most crucial factors influencing transesterification reactions [ 35 , 36 ]. One of the main drawbacks of biocatalytic production of FAME using a stepwise methanol addition strategy is the reaction time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocatalysis of triglycerides transesterification using fungal biomass: a biorefinery approach

Elhussiny

Mohamed

El-Refai

et al. 2023

Fungal Biol Biotechnol

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Background The use of microbial biomasses, such as fungal biomass, to catalyze the transesterification of triglycerides (TG) for biodiesel production provides a sustainable, economical alternative while still having the main advantages of expensive immobilized enzymes. Results Biomasses of Aspergillus flavus and Rhizopus stolonifera were used to catalyze the transesterification of TG in waste frying oil (WFO). Isopropanol as an acyl-acceptor reduced the catalytic capability of the biomasses, while methanol was the most potent acyl-acceptor with a final fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) concentration of 85.5 and 89.7%, w/w, for R. stolonifer and A. flavus, respectively. Different mixtures of the fungal biomasses were tested, and higher proportions of A. flavus biomass improved the mixture's catalytic capability. C. sorokiniana cultivated in synthetic wastewater was used as feedstock to cultivate A. flavus. The biomass produced had the same catalytic capability as the biomass produced in the control culture medium. Response surface methodology (RSM) was adopted using central composite design (CCD) to optimize the A. flavus biomass catalytic transesterification reaction, where temperature, methanol concentration, and biomass concentration were selected for optimization. The significance of the model was verified, and the suggested optimum reaction conditions were 25.5 °C, 250 RPM agitation with 14%, w/w, biomass, 3 mol/L methanol, and a reaction duration of 24 h. The suggested optimum conditions were tested to validate the model and a final FAME concentration of 95.53%. w/w was detected. Conclusion Biomasses cocktails might be a legitimate possibility to provide a cheaper technical solution for industrial applications than immobilized enzymes. The use of fungal biomass cultivated on the microalgae recovered from wastewater treatment for the catalysis of transesterification reaction provides an additional piece of the puzzle of biorefinery. Optimizing the transesterification reaction led to a valid prediction model with a final FAME concentration of 95.53%, w/w.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocatalysis of triglycerides transesterification using fungal biomass: a biorefinery approach

Elhussiny

Mohamed

El-Refai

et al. 2023

Fungal Biol Biotechnol

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“…Castor oil has high viscosity compared to other vegetable oils. Table 1 shows the fatty acid compositions of castor oil [14].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Castor oil transesterification, such as through homogeneous catalysts, necessitates a lot of work. Kartikkumar Thakkar et al [14] used multi-response optimization of castor oil with a hydrodynamic cavitation reactor. It was found that the optimum yield (92.31%) in the conditions of methanol:oil (10.3:1), 1.05% wt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Optimization of Castor Oil Transesterification by Central Composite Design for Biodiesel Production

Sukpancharoen

Phetyim

Krittasin³

et al. 2022

Advances in Energy Research and Development

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Thailand is an agriculture-based country with the potential to cultivate a vast array of plant species, including castor. Castor oil is produced by pressing castor seeds. Castor oil was selected as the preferred vegetable oil for biodiesel production. Castor oil is primarily composed of ricinoleic acid, a hydroxyl fatty acid. Response surface methodology was used in this study to optimize the biodiesel production process parameters. This study varies the molar ratio of methanol to oil, the concentration of the catalyst, the reaction temperature, and the reaction time. As a catalyst, potassium hydroxide was used in the transesterification process. In this study, response surface methodology is utilized in conjunction with central composite design (CCD) experiment design. Therefore, the optimal yield of castor oil transesterification is 4.02 methanol to 1 oil, a catalyst concentration of 0.90%, a reaction temperature of 49.87 ∘C, and a reaction time of 59.21 minutes. These optimal conditions resulted in a %fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield of castor oil biodiesel of 88.25 %, which is within 5% of the predicted %FAME yield. Transesterification under optimal conditions demonstrates that the physiochemical properties of castor oil biodiesel are enhanced. The viscosity of castor oil is approximately 235 cSt at 40 ∘C. After transesterification, the viscosity of castor oil decreases to 15.2 cSt at 40 ∘C under optimal conditions. The density and flash point of castor oil biodiesel is 0.92 g/cm3 and 196 ∘C, respectively. It discovers that the flash point of castor-oil biodiesel complies with the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard, whereas its viscosity and density do not. However, castor oil biodiesel can be blended with diesel petroleum to reduce its viscosity and meet ASTM specifications.

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“…It has been commonly used as a disinfection method [8] and in landfill leachate treatment [9]. Moreover, HC has been also employed in many industrial applications, e.g., biodiesel generation [10], active compound extraction [11] as well as food production [12]. It has been used as pre-treatment method with lignocellulosic biomass, waste activated sludge, chitosan and alga.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges of Hydrodynamic Cavitation of Organic Wastes

Szaja¹,

Montusiewicz²,

Lebiocka³

2022

Applied Sciences

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) as a pre-treatment method for selected organic wastes. In these HC experiments, municipal wastewater (MW) and mature landfill leachate (MLL) as well as mixtures of lignocellulosic waste (LB) suspended in these waste streams were investigated. For all HC tests, the same operational parameters were assumed: an inlet pressure of 7 bar, and 30 recirculations through the cavitation zone. A steel orifice plate with a conical concentric hole of 3/10 mm was used as the HC inductor. In almost all the materials analysed, solubilisation and decomposition of complex organic matter were observed, which were confirmed by an improved biodegradability index (BI) and soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) content in the cavitated mixtures. The exception was the series with sole MW; in this case, the BI was reduced. In turn, regarding the multicomponent mixtures, more beneficial results were found for LB and MW, which were confirmed by improved BI, alkalinity and SCOD content. The results obtained indicate that HC might be applied as a pre-treatment method for selected organic wastes for further biomethane production. However, a key factor in its successful application is the selection of suitable operational conditions chosen individually for each waste type.

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Multi-response optimization of transesterification reaction for biodiesel production from castor oil assisted by hydrodynamic cavitation

Cited by 28 publications

References 54 publications

Biocatalysis of triglycerides transesterification using fungal biomass: a biorefinery approach

Biocatalysis of triglycerides transesterification using fungal biomass: a biorefinery approach

Experimental Optimization of Castor Oil Transesterification by Central Composite Design for Biodiesel Production

Challenges of Hydrodynamic Cavitation of Organic Wastes

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