Multi-purposable filaments of HPMC for 3D printing of medications with tailored drug release and timed-absorption

Kadry, Hossam; Al-Hilal, Taslim A.; Keshavarz, Ali; Alam, Fakhrul; Xu, Changxue; Joy, Abraham; Ahsan, Fakhrul

doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.04.010

Cited by 123 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, the amorphous materials were expected to exhibit a thermal transition by means of a step change, which represents the glass transition temperature (T g ). The T g is the temperature when the molecules in the material start to transition from a glassy state to a soft, rubbery state [47]. This is the temperature when the materials soften.…”

Section: Thermal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Optimisation of Novel Polymeric Compositions for Sustained Release Theophylline Caplets (PrintCap) via FDM 3D Printing

2019

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This study reports a thorough investigation combining hot-melt extrusion technology (HME) and a low-cost fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printer as a continuous fabrication process for a sustained release drug delivery system. The successful implementation of such an approach presented herein allows local hospitals to manufacture their own medical and pharmaceutical products on-site according to their patients' needs. This will help save time from waiting for suitable products to be manufactured off-site or using traditional manufacturing processes. The filaments were produced by optimising various compositions of pharmaceutical-grade polymers, such as hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), Eudragit ® (RL PO), and polyethylene glycol (PEG), whereas theophylline was used as a model thermally stable drug. For the purpose of the study, twin-screw hot-melt extrusion (HME) was implemented from the view that it would result in the formation of solid dispersion of drug in the polymeric carrier matrices by means of high shear mixing inside the heated barrel. Four filament compositions consisting of different ratios of polymers were produced and their properties were assessed. The mechanical characterisation of the filaments revealed quite robust properties of the filaments suitable for FDM 3D printing of caplets (PrintCap), whereas the solid-state analyses conducted via DSC and XRD showed amorphous nature of the crystalline drug dispersed in the polymeric matrices. Moreover, the surface analysis conducted via SEM showed a smooth surface of the produced filaments as well as caplets where no drug crystals were visible. The in vitro drug release study showed a sustained release profile over 10 h where about 80% of the drug was released from the printed dosage forms. This indicates that our optimised 3D printed caplets could be suitable for the development of sustained release on-demand drug delivery systems.Polymers 2020, 12, 27 2 of 18 3D printing should be able to produce these medicines, in particular, the solid dosage forms that are adjusted according to the patient's need [3]. The use of 3D printing in producing medicines also allows hospitals and pharmacies to manufacture the medications for patients immediately after consultation. This is particularly beneficial for hospitals in remote areas so that they can supply their own patients with just-in-time medications. Apart from that, 3D printing can be used to produce dosage forms with complex shapes and different release patterns cost-effectively, which can otherwise be relatively expensive and difficult to achieve with traditional manufacturing methods [4][5][6]. It is quite difficult to produce products with high complexity via traditional pharmaceutical processes such as compression and encapsulation, and it is not effective in terms of producing personalised products [7]. With 3D printing, it is possible to fabricate medicines of different shapes, sizes, and structures to tailor the release patterns of the drug [8]. It is also more cost-effective to produce personalise...

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Section: Thermal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Optimisation of Novel Polymeric Compositions for Sustained Release Theophylline Caplets (PrintCap) via FDM 3D Printing

2019

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“…3D printing has made it possible by the creation of different infill densities and patterns that would be an advantage in multi-drug printing. Varying the infills provides a method to control the release profiles [146].…”

Section: Medication Adherence and Multi-drug Printingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymers for Extrusion-Based 3D Printing of Pharmaceuticals: A Holistic Materials–Process Perspective

et al. 2020

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Three dimensional (3D) printing as an advanced manufacturing technology is progressing to be established in the pharmaceutical industry to overcome the traditional manufacturing regime of 'one size fits for all'. Using 3D printing, it is possible to design and develop complex dosage forms that can be suitable for tuning drug release. Polymers are the key materials that are necessary for 3D printing. Among all 3D printing processes, extrusion-based (both fused deposition modeling (FDM) and pressure-assisted microsyringe (PAM)) 3D printing is well researched for pharmaceutical manufacturing. It is important to understand which polymers are suitable for extrusion-based 3D printing of pharmaceuticals and how their properties, as well as the behavior of polymer–active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) combinations, impact the printing process. Especially, understanding the rheology of the polymer and API–polymer mixtures is necessary for successful 3D printing of dosage forms or printed structures. This review has summarized a holistic materials–process perspective for polymers on extrusion-based 3D printing. The main focus herein will be both FDM and PAM 3D printing processes. It elaborates the discussion on the comparison of 3D printing with the traditional direct compression process, the necessity of rheology, and the characterization techniques required for the printed structure, drug, and excipients. The current technological challenges, regulatory aspects, and the direction toward which the technology is moving, especially for personalized pharmaceuticals and multi-drug printing, are also briefly discussed.

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“…In previous studies, swelling of HPMCAS often occurred in various operating environments, increasing the thickness of the coating and transforming the coating into a gel layer. (22)(23)(24) This increased the overall coating thickness. The thickness of the coatings in an environment with pH 1 was measured in the experiment to identify any swelling, and the results are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Swelling Effect Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are many references related to practical applications, such as nanocomposites, (9,10) functional coatings, (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17) reinforced composites, (18)(19)(20) self-healing films, (21,22) anticorrosion materials, (23) and bioapplicable materials. (24)(25)(26) HPMC has a certain degree of solubility in water. In previous studies, HPMC was mostly used for corrosion resistance in the form of an anticorrosive agent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Properties of Biopolymers in Strong Acid and Application in Displacement Sensor

Shi¹

2019

Sensors and Materials

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The electrochemical properties of thin films of two derivatives of the biopolymer hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), namely, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS), in a strongly acidic environment were studied. The corrosion resistance of HPMC-derivative-coated high-speed steel (HSS) was evaluated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopic measurements and potentiodynamic polarization. The results of Nyquist plots and Tafel polarization showed that HPMCP and HPMCAS have different corrosion resistance properties. HPMCP helps form oxide compounds with the HSS surface, and HPMCAS synthesizes new compounds on the surface with water, thus increasing the corrosion resistance pathways. In this study, derivatives of biopolymers are used to create an ecologically friendly and anticorrosion coating to protect the surface of HSS and to provide an anticorrosion mechanism in a strong acid environment.

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Multi-purposable filaments of HPMC for 3D printing of medications with tailored drug release and timed-absorption

Cited by 123 publications

References 37 publications

Development and Optimisation of Novel Polymeric Compositions for Sustained Release Theophylline Caplets (PrintCap) via FDM 3D Printing

Development and Optimisation of Novel Polymeric Compositions for Sustained Release Theophylline Caplets (PrintCap) via FDM 3D Printing

Polymers for Extrusion-Based 3D Printing of Pharmaceuticals: A Holistic Materials–Process Perspective

Electrochemical Properties of Biopolymers in Strong Acid and Application in Displacement Sensor

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