Multi-parametric assessment of biological stability of drinking water produced from groundwater: Reverse osmosis vs. conventional treatment

A Review on Oleaginous Microorganisms for Biological Wastewater Treatment: Current and Future Prospect

“…Nevertheless, the reuse of water from treated wastewater effluents can pose a serios health issue due to contamination such as microbial pollutants, heavy metals, suspended solid and organic matters [3]. To date, biological treatment is well-acknowledged as one of the most eco-friendly and cost-effective way to remove those contaminants from wastewater [1,[4][5][6][7][8]. Notably, the use of Oleaginous microorganisms in biological treatment of wastewater is much attractive as compared with the traditional aerobic digestion and anaerobic digestion technologies which requires high-end system such as up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket digestion or expanded granular sludge bed digestion [9][10][11].…”

Assessing biological stability of drinking water produced by reverse osmosis and remineralisation : method development and application

“…FCM has been applied for biological stability assessment to measure AOC using natural bacterial consortium (Hammes and Egli, 2005), allowing for more accurate estimation of AOC. Additionally, FCM has been used for direct measurement of bacterial growth potential (BGP) of water expressed as cell count (cells/mL) (Prest et al, 2016a;Farhat et al, 2018;Nescerecka et al, 2018;Sousi et al, 2020a), without converting the obtained growth into AOC. BGP of water can also be measured with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as an alternative bacterial parameter (Vital et al, 2012;Farhat et al, 2018;Abushaban et al, 2019).…”

“…Advanced water purification by membrane filtration is being increasingly used worldwide (Geise et al, 2010;Fane et al, 2015) and in the Netherlands Sousi et al, 2020a). Reverse osmosis (RO) is a semi-permeable membrane that is able to retain particles, inorganic/organic matter, microorganisms, and ions, resulting in an extremely pure product water.…”

“…This study was conducted at the Oasen drinking water treatment plant located in Kamerik, the Netherlands, which supplies 340 m 3 /h of drinking water. The detailed description of treatment and water quality is given in Sousi et al (2020a). In short, the plant currently treats anaerobic groundwater by conventional means comprising dry sand filtration (rapid sand…”

“…In addition to the previous calculations, the growth-limiting nutrient was determined using BGPICC and BGPATP as described in Sousi et al (2020a).…”