Multi-omics analysis of the regulatory effects of low-phosphorus stress on phosphorus transport in soybean roots

Abstract

The regulatory effects of uneven phosphorus supplies on phosphorus transport in soybean roots are still unclear. To further analyze the regulatory effects of low-phosphorus stress on phosphorus transport in soybean roots and the effects of uneven phosphorus application on the physiological mechanism of phosphorus transport in soybean roots, dual-root soybean plants were prepared via grafting, and a sand culture experiment was performed. From the unfolded cotyledon stage to the initial flowering stage, one side of each dual-root soybean system was irrigated with a low-phosphorus-concentration solution (phosphorus-application [P+] side), and the other side was irrigated with a phosphorus-free nutrient solution (phosphorus-free [P-] side); this setup allowed the study of the effects of different phosphorus supply levels on the expression of genes and proteins and the accumulation of metabolites in soybean roots on the P- side to clarify the method through which phosphorus transport is regulated in soybean roots and to provide a theoretical basis for improving the use rate of phosphorus fertilizer. The results revealed that the unilateral supply of low-concentration phosphorus promoted the uptake of phosphorus by soybean roots and the transport of phosphorus from the P+ side to the P- side. Compared with the normal concentration of phosphorus supply and the phosphorus-free supply, the low concentration phosphorus supply affected the regulation of the metabolic pathways involved in starch and sucrose metabolism, glycolysis, fructose, and mannose metabolism, etc., thereby affecting soybean root phosphorus transport. The low-phosphorus stress inhibited fructose synthesis and sucrose synthase synthesis in the soybean roots and the synthesis of hexokinase (HK) and fructose kinase, which catalyzes the conversion of fructose to fructose-6-phosphate. Low-phosphorus stress promoted the synthesis of sucrose invertase and the conversion of sucrose into maltose by the activity of starch synthase (StS) and stimulated the synthesis of UDPG pyrophosphorylase (UGP) and phosphoglucose isomerase (GP1), which is involved in the conversion of UDP-glucose to glucose-6-phosphate. The phosphorus transport pathway of soybean roots was then affected, which promoted phosphorus allocation to UTP and glucose-6-phosphate. Additionally, low-phosphorus stress hastened glycolysis in the soybean roots and inhibited the synthesis of malic acid, thereby promoting the transport of phosphorus in the roots. In addition, low-phosphorus stress inhibited the synthesis of fructose, mannose, and mannose-1-phosphate and the synthesis of other enzymes involved in phosphorus transport as well as invertase, thereby inhibiting the transport and synthesis of several organic phosphorus-containing compounds.

Functional analysis of ZmG6PE reveals its role in responses to low-phosphorus stress and regulation of grain yield in maize

“…Sucrose upregulated the activities of D-glucuronic acid, 5-O-methylembelin, and Nacetyl-L-phenylalanine during LP conditions (Yang et al, 2020). A metabolome analysis showed that LP stress accelerated glycolysis in the roots of soybean and repressed malic acid synthesis (Li et al, 2022). Under LP conditions, LP-tolerant maize genotypes induce the transcription of genes regulating plant hormone signaling, acid phosphatase, and metabolite, which promote phosphorus absorption and utilization in maize (Jiang et al, 2017).…”

Transcriptome & Metabolic Profiling: An Insight Into the Abiotic Stress Response Crosstalk in Plants

“…Sucrose upregulated the activities of D-glucuronic acid, 5-O-methylembelin, and Nacetyl-L-phenylalanine during LP conditions . A metabolome analysis showed that LP stress accelerated glycolysis in the roots of soybean and repressed malic acid synthesis (Li et al, 2022). Under LP conditions, LP-tolerant maize genotypes induce the transcription of genes regulating plant hormone signaling, acid phosphatase, and metabolite, which promote phosphorus absorption and utilization in maize (Jiang et al, 2017).…”

Influence of Water and Fertilizer Reduction on Sucrose Metabolism in Sugar Beets

“…Additionally, it can increase SS-I activity in citrus [39]. Low phosphorus stress enhances sucrose hydrolyzing enzyme synthesis in soybean root, accelerating sucrose degradation [40]. Liu et al [41] demonstrated that an increased application of phosphorus can increase the activity of sucrose phosphate synthase in sugar beet leaves while also increasing the accumulation of sucrose in sugar beet root [42].…”